Caracterización de toxinas presentes en el veneno de la medusa Chrysaora sp. de la Laguna costera Mandinga, Veracruz

The phylum Cnidarian contains about 11,000 species, the jellyfishes has cells specialized (cnidocitos) that contain toxins; this toxins have the potential to be a tool with which to study some complex physiological systems, in addition to being used for the manufacture of new drugs and obtaining kno...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: MAYRA PAMELA BECERRA AMEZCUA
Formato: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:México
Recursos:Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Repositorio:Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:h128nd72w
Acesso em linha:https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.h128nd72w
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Medusa chrysaora
info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Venom
info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Medusas -- Venenos -- Laguna de Mandinga (Veracruz : Estado)
info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Venenos animales
info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Lagunas costeras
info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Coastal lagoon
info:eu-repo/classification/cti/2
Descrição
Resumo:The phylum Cnidarian contains about 11,000 species, the jellyfishes has cells specialized (cnidocitos) that contain toxins; this toxins have the potential to be a tool with which to study some complex physiological systems, in addition to being used for the manufacture of new drugs and obtaining knowledge of its operation helps protect subsequent poisonings on humans; the main objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize toxins from the venom of the jellyfish Chrysaora sp. found in the lagoon Mandinga, Veracruz, Mexico; to achieve this objective, the study of biological aspects was necessary, such as physic-chemical and morphological parameters, also histological analysis of the jellyfishes collected in the field, the species was determined by analyzing the mitochondrial subunit cytochrome c oxidase III (COIII) molecule and toxicity was evaluated in vivo tests, using the Danio rerio fish as a biological model, and in vitro assays measuring the hemolytic and phospholipase A2 activities. Proteins present in the venom were analyzed by electrophoresis in one and two dimensions, obtaining the peptide fingerprint and sequencing tryptic peptide by De Novo sequencing. The conditions suitable for aquarium of this jellyfish, is a volume greater than 545L, a salinity of 28°/ºº and a temperature of 30°C. The main affectation was the bell Evert of the hood observed during acclimatization. Six color patterns were recognized that could be related to salinity, also the size of the jellyfish varies according to the period of collection, the size was a larger (8.962.4 cm) during the rainy season and the females having a predominance with gonads mature state, the specie of the jellyfish in this coastal lagoon is Chrysaora sp.; its venom causes convulsions, paralysis, bleeding in the eyes and disturbances in circulation on the Danio rerio fish, mainly affects the gill tissue, cause hyperemia in pseudobranch and liver, and affects erythrocytes possibly by the activity of PLA2 with 596U/mg of crude extract. Venom protein patterns are heterogeneous by the ability of these proteins to aggregate, the range of pI of these proteins is within a pH range of 3-7.5, mass spectrometry analysis showed that the most abundant proteins in this venom are neurotoxins with a molecular weight of 20 kDa and a metalloproteinase with a conserved sequence binding domain to Zn+2, causing bleeding observed in the main effects of this jellyfish poisoning. This work contributed to biological and toxins characterization of the jellyfish Chrysaora sp., in addition to the genetic identity of the species; a metalloproteinase was also found, characterized by a conserved novel sequence not reported to date for this jellyfish and related to cytotoxicity of the venom, causing bleeding as other metalloproteinase that found in snake venoms.