Análisis biogeográfico de la distribución conocida y potencial de cuatro taxa del género Prosopis L. (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) en México
In Mexico, Prosopis has been studied mainly from the taxonomical, biological, ecological and cultural perspectives; whereas its distribution is limited to regional-geographic and floristic studies, restricting its biogeographic knowledge. The objectives of this study were to i) Determine the current...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2015 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:4x51hj48q |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.4x51hj48q |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Mezquite info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Biogeografía info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Biogeography info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Mesquite info:eu-repo/classification/cti/2 |
| Sumario: | In Mexico, Prosopis has been studied mainly from the taxonomical, biological, ecological and cultural perspectives; whereas its distribution is limited to regional-geographic and floristic studies, restricting its biogeographic knowledge. The objectives of this study were to i) Determine the current and potential distribution of four taxa of Prosopis: P. glandulosa Torr. var. glandulosa, P. glandulosa var. torreyana (L.D. Benson) M.C. Johnst., P. juliflora (Sw.) DC., and P. laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M.C. Johnst., and ii) Analyze their biogeography to identify their possible routes of dispersion in Mexico. The information obtained from biological collections (herbarium) and databases, was depurated and validated to obtain a final database with 585 records. Current distribution was obtained using ArcMap, while the potential distribution was modeled using MaxEnt algorithm, and the 19 climate layers for current-time and Middle Holocene obtained from WorldClim. Using ArcMap, the potential distribution maps were multiplied to obtain area relationships among taxa. A bioclimatic profile of each taxon was obtained using WorldClim layers, as well as layers of climate-and-vegetation from Mexico. The climate layers that best determined the potential distribution of each taxon were selected with the Jacknife Index and r-Pearson correlations. Current and potential distributions revealed that P. glandulosa var. glandulosa and P. glandulosa var. torreyana are located in the Mexican Plateau, and P. juliflora occurs in the Pacific Coast; whereas P. laevigata occurs from the Southern Plateau to the Valley of TehuacanCuicatlan. The distribution of P. juliflora was mostly defined by variables of precipitation; whilst the variables associated to temperature explained the distribution of the other taxa. Mean temperature and precipitation for each taxon were: 18°C and 394 mm to P. glandulosa var. glandulosa; 19°C and 324 mm to P. glandulosa var. torreyana; 27°C and 912 mm to P. juliflora, and 19°C and 568 mm to P. laevigata. An alelopatry between both varieties of P. glandulosa and P. laevigata, was detected in the Southern Plateau; whilst, in the Northern Plateau, both varieties of P. glandulosa, presented homopatry. In Baja California, P. glandulosa var. torreyana and P. juliflora showed a parapatry, and an alelopatry in the Sonorense Province. P. glandulosa var. torreyana, P. juliflora, and P. laevigata presented a possible area of coincidence in the Oaxaca province. Likewise, both the potential area to the present and the one shown in the Middle Holocene, indicated two possible dispersion routes from the Tehuantepec Isthmus: i) Towards the Center and the North of Mexico, and ii) Through the Pacific Coast to Southern Sonora and Baja California. The model for the Middle Holocene, supports the hypothesis that the four taxa could have dispersed, from the South to the North of Mexico, and that the first dispersion route, here proposed, explains the distribution of three of the four taxa studied. Key words: Biogeography, Dispersion, Distribution models, Legumes, Mesquites. |
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