Limpieza de membranas de ultrafiltración aplicadas en la industria alimentaria por medio de técnicas no convencionales y caracterización del ensuciamiento de las membranas
[EN] In this PhD Thesis, the application of two non conventional techniques (saline solutions and electric fields) to clean ultrafiltration membranes that were previously fouled with whey model solutions was investigated. In addition, the membrane fouling caused by the different model solutions was...
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| Tipo de documento: | tese |
| Data de publicação: | 2015 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
| Repositório: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
| Idioma: | espanhol |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/54841 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/54841 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | Ultrafiltración Disoluciones modelo de lactosuero Mecanismos de ensuciamiento Modelos matemáticos Limpieza de membranas Disoluciones salinas Campos eléctricos INGENIERIA QUIMICA |
| Resumo: | [EN] In this PhD Thesis, the application of two non conventional techniques (saline solutions and electric fields) to clean ultrafiltration membranes that were previously fouled with whey model solutions was investigated. In addition, the membrane fouling caused by the different model solutions was studied as well. This fouling was characterised by fitting different semi-empirical mathematical models to the experimental data of permeate flux evolution with time. Experiments were performed at a laboratory scale with four ultrafiltration membranes of different material (ceramic and organic) and molecular weight cut-off (5, 15, 30 and 50 kDa) and three different whey model solutions consisting of aqueous solutions of bovine serum albumin (BSA), BSA with CaCl2 and whey protein concentrate (WPC). Each experiment was divided in four steps: fouling with the model solution, first rinsing, cleaning and second rinsing. Experimental conditions during the first stage were the same in all the cases, so that it could be determined the influence of the experimental conditions during the cleaning step (type of saline solution, salt concentration, cleaning solution temperature, crossflow velocity and potential of the electric field) on the cleaning efficiency. The mathematical models considered were the Hermia's models adapted to crossflow filtration, a combined model based on Hermia's equations of complete pore blocking and cake formation and a resistance-in-series model. The results obtained during the fouling step demonstrated that the mathematical models used were able to predict with high accuracy the permeate flux decline with time. The value of the model characteristic parameters and the fouling mechanisms mainly responsible for that decline were determined. Regarding the cleaning experiments for the membranes used, the results indicated that both, saline solutions and electric fields, were effective techniques to recover the membrane permselective properties when an optimal salt concentration range was considered. |
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