Gender Assignment in Spanish-German Bilinguals: The Gender System and Background Factors

This paper investigates the development of gender assignment and the role of background factors on gender assignment in Spanish-German bilinguals. While Spanish offers a transparent gender system with little difficulties for children, the German gender system is opaque with few reliable rules. This...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Sandow, Sarah, Fabregat López, Mario, Ygual, Amparo
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/179885
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/179885
https://doi.org/10.12795/elia.2025.i25.9
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:gender assignment
Spanish
German
bilingualism
transparent
opaque
asignación de género
español
alemán
bilingüismo
transparente
opaco
Descripción
Sumario:This paper investigates the development of gender assignment and the role of background factors on gender assignment in Spanish-German bilinguals. While Spanish offers a transparent gender system with little difficulties for children, the German gender system is opaque with few reliable rules. This study investigated 33 simultaneous bilinguals between 5;0 and 8;11 living in Spain and Germany. Results show that Spanish gender seems to undergo an earlier acquisition than German gender. Lexical skills play a bigger role in Spanish gender acquisition than in German and gender accuracy in both languages is differently affected by factors such as age, balanced bilingualism, country of residence, language proficiency or cognitive variables. This indicates that an opaque system takes more time to be acquired. Also, the idea of a general linguistic capacity is proposed, and further theories derived from the results discussed.