The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
The killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. Since the discovery of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and...
| Autores: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2017 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) |
| Repositorio: | Docta Complutense |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/17978 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | 579 663.12 Pichia membranifaciens PMKT PMKT2 killer toxin biochemical characteristics mechanism of action biocontrol applications Biología Microbiología (Biología) 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2414 Microbiología |
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The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer ToxinsBelda Aguilar, IgnacioRuiz, JavierAlonso Conde, Rafael AlejandroMarquina Díaz, DomingoSantos de la Sen, Antonio579663.12Pichia membranifaciensPMKTPMKT2killer toxinbiochemical characteristicsmechanism of actionbiocontrolapplicationsBiologíaMicrobiología (Biología)24 Ciencias de la Vida2414 MicrobiologíaThe killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. Since the discovery of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and this fact has substantially contributed knowledge on fundamental aspects of cell biology and yeast genetics. The killer phenomenon has been studied in Pichia membranifaciens for several years, during which two toxins have been described. PMKT and PMKT2 are proteins of low molecular mass that bind to primary receptors located in the cell wall structure of sensitive yeast cells, linear (1→6)-β-D-glucans and mannoproteins for PMKT and PMKT2, respectively. Cwp2p also acts as a secondary receptor for PMKT. Killing of sensitive cells by PMKT is characterized by ionic movements across plasma membrane and an acidification of the intracellular pH triggering an activation of the High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG) pathway. On the contrary, our investigations showed a mechanism of killing in which cells are arrested at an early S-phase by high concentrations of PMKT2. However, we concluded that induced mortality at low PMKT2 doses and also PMKT is indeed of an apoptotic nature. Killer yeasts and their toxins have found potential applications in several fields: in food and beverage production, as biocontrol agents, in yeast bio-typing, and as novel antimycotic agents. Accordingly, several applications have been found for P. membranifaciens killer toxins, ranging from pre- and post-harvest biocontrol of plant pathogens to applications during wine fermentation and ageing (inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, etc.).MDPIUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20172017-03-2320172017-03-23journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/179782026-06-02T12:44:21Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| title |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| spellingShingle |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins Belda Aguilar, Ignacio 579 663.12 Pichia membranifaciens PMKT PMKT2 killer toxin biochemical characteristics mechanism of action biocontrol applications Biología Microbiología (Biología) 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2414 Microbiología |
| title_short |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| title_full |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| title_fullStr |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| title_sort |
The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Belda Aguilar, Ignacio Ruiz, Javier Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro Marquina Díaz, Domingo Santos de la Sen, Antonio |
| author |
Belda Aguilar, Ignacio |
| author_facet |
Belda Aguilar, Ignacio Ruiz, Javier Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro Marquina Díaz, Domingo Santos de la Sen, Antonio |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Ruiz, Javier Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro Marquina Díaz, Domingo Santos de la Sen, Antonio |
| author2_role |
author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
579 663.12 Pichia membranifaciens PMKT PMKT2 killer toxin biochemical characteristics mechanism of action biocontrol applications Biología Microbiología (Biología) 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2414 Microbiología |
| topic |
579 663.12 Pichia membranifaciens PMKT PMKT2 killer toxin biochemical characteristics mechanism of action biocontrol applications Biología Microbiología (Biología) 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2414 Microbiología |
| description |
The killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. Since the discovery of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and this fact has substantially contributed knowledge on fundamental aspects of cell biology and yeast genetics. The killer phenomenon has been studied in Pichia membranifaciens for several years, during which two toxins have been described. PMKT and PMKT2 are proteins of low molecular mass that bind to primary receptors located in the cell wall structure of sensitive yeast cells, linear (1→6)-β-D-glucans and mannoproteins for PMKT and PMKT2, respectively. Cwp2p also acts as a secondary receptor for PMKT. Killing of sensitive cells by PMKT is characterized by ionic movements across plasma membrane and an acidification of the intracellular pH triggering an activation of the High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG) pathway. On the contrary, our investigations showed a mechanism of killing in which cells are arrested at an early S-phase by high concentrations of PMKT2. However, we concluded that induced mortality at low PMKT2 doses and also PMKT is indeed of an apoptotic nature. Killer yeasts and their toxins have found potential applications in several fields: in food and beverage production, as biocontrol agents, in yeast bio-typing, and as novel antimycotic agents. Accordingly, several applications have been found for P. membranifaciens killer toxins, ranging from pre- and post-harvest biocontrol of plant pathogens to applications during wine fermentation and ageing (inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, etc.). |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017 2017-03-23 2017 2017-03-23 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés eng |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language |
eng |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Atribución 3.0 España https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ |
| dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Atribución 3.0 España https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
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MDPI |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Docta Complutense instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) |
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) |
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Docta Complutense |
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Docta Complutense |
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1869418393203900416 |
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15.300719 |