The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins

The killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. Since the discovery of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Belda Aguilar, Ignacio, Ruiz, Javier, Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro, Marquina Díaz, Domingo, Santos de la Sen, Antonio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/17978
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:579
663.12
Pichia membranifaciens
PMKT
PMKT2
killer toxin
biochemical characteristics
mechanism of action
biocontrol
applications
Biología
Microbiología (Biología)
24 Ciencias de la Vida
2414 Microbiología
id ES_bf760e0fcdbff51bb3a3cbb5ee922010
oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/17978
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer ToxinsBelda Aguilar, IgnacioRuiz, JavierAlonso Conde, Rafael AlejandroMarquina Díaz, DomingoSantos de la Sen, Antonio579663.12Pichia membranifaciensPMKTPMKT2killer toxinbiochemical characteristicsmechanism of actionbiocontrolapplicationsBiologíaMicrobiología (Biología)24 Ciencias de la Vida2414 MicrobiologíaThe killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. Since the discovery of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and this fact has substantially contributed knowledge on fundamental aspects of cell biology and yeast genetics. The killer phenomenon has been studied in Pichia membranifaciens for several years, during which two toxins have been described. PMKT and PMKT2 are proteins of low molecular mass that bind to primary receptors located in the cell wall structure of sensitive yeast cells, linear (1→6)-β-D-glucans and mannoproteins for PMKT and PMKT2, respectively. Cwp2p also acts as a secondary receptor for PMKT. Killing of sensitive cells by PMKT is characterized by ionic movements across plasma membrane and an acidification of the intracellular pH triggering an activation of the High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG) pathway. On the contrary, our investigations showed a mechanism of killing in which cells are arrested at an early S-phase by high concentrations of PMKT2. However, we concluded that induced mortality at low PMKT2 doses and also PMKT is indeed of an apoptotic nature. Killer yeasts and their toxins have found potential applications in several fields: in food and beverage production, as biocontrol agents, in yeast bio-typing, and as novel antimycotic agents. Accordingly, several applications have been found for P. membranifaciens killer toxins, ranging from pre- and post-harvest biocontrol of plant pathogens to applications during wine fermentation and ageing (inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, etc.).MDPIUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20172017-03-2320172017-03-23journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/179782026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
title The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
spellingShingle The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
Belda Aguilar, Ignacio
579
663.12
Pichia membranifaciens
PMKT
PMKT2
killer toxin
biochemical characteristics
mechanism of action
biocontrol
applications
Biología
Microbiología (Biología)
24 Ciencias de la Vida
2414 Microbiología
title_short The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
title_full The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
title_fullStr The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
title_full_unstemmed The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
title_sort The Biology of Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxins
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Belda Aguilar, Ignacio
Ruiz, Javier
Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro
Marquina Díaz, Domingo
Santos de la Sen, Antonio
author Belda Aguilar, Ignacio
author_facet Belda Aguilar, Ignacio
Ruiz, Javier
Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro
Marquina Díaz, Domingo
Santos de la Sen, Antonio
author_role author
author2 Ruiz, Javier
Alonso Conde, Rafael Alejandro
Marquina Díaz, Domingo
Santos de la Sen, Antonio
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 579
663.12
Pichia membranifaciens
PMKT
PMKT2
killer toxin
biochemical characteristics
mechanism of action
biocontrol
applications
Biología
Microbiología (Biología)
24 Ciencias de la Vida
2414 Microbiología
topic 579
663.12
Pichia membranifaciens
PMKT
PMKT2
killer toxin
biochemical characteristics
mechanism of action
biocontrol
applications
Biología
Microbiología (Biología)
24 Ciencias de la Vida
2414 Microbiología
description The killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. Since the discovery of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and this fact has substantially contributed knowledge on fundamental aspects of cell biology and yeast genetics. The killer phenomenon has been studied in Pichia membranifaciens for several years, during which two toxins have been described. PMKT and PMKT2 are proteins of low molecular mass that bind to primary receptors located in the cell wall structure of sensitive yeast cells, linear (1→6)-β-D-glucans and mannoproteins for PMKT and PMKT2, respectively. Cwp2p also acts as a secondary receptor for PMKT. Killing of sensitive cells by PMKT is characterized by ionic movements across plasma membrane and an acidification of the intracellular pH triggering an activation of the High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG) pathway. On the contrary, our investigations showed a mechanism of killing in which cells are arrested at an early S-phase by high concentrations of PMKT2. However, we concluded that induced mortality at low PMKT2 doses and also PMKT is indeed of an apoptotic nature. Killer yeasts and their toxins have found potential applications in several fields: in food and beverage production, as biocontrol agents, in yeast bio-typing, and as novel antimycotic agents. Accordingly, several applications have been found for P. membranifaciens killer toxins, ranging from pre- and post-harvest biocontrol of plant pathogens to applications during wine fermentation and ageing (inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, etc.).
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2017-03-23
2017
2017-03-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17978
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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