Efectos de un extracto de fibra de pulpa de algarroba rico en polifenoles sobre las alteraciones asociadas a la aterosclerosis experimental. Mecanismos implicados

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death and loss of productive life years worldwide. It is a complex and progressive disease due to the accumulation of lipids and fibrous elements in the large and medium size arteries, which causes endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. The...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Valero Muñoz, María
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/106008
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/106008
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:616.13-002.2(043.2)
Arteriosclerosis
Cardiología
3205.01 Cardiología
Descripción
Sumario:Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death and loss of productive life years worldwide. It is a complex and progressive disease due to the accumulation of lipids and fibrous elements in the large and medium size arteries, which causes endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. The classic events of atherosclerosis have been greatly clarified by studies in animal models and culture cells. In brief, accumulation of lipoprotein particles in sites of lesion predilection on the arteries causes the attraction, adhesion and transmigration of monocytes across the endothelial monolayer into the intima mediated by molecules such as VCAM (vascular cell adhesion molecule) and MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1). After that, monocytes proliferate and differentiate into macrophages and take up the lipoproteins, forming foam cells. Macrophages in the lesion have also a pro-inflammatory palette of functions, which produce high levels of cytokines such as tumour-necrosis factor-α (TNFα) or a number of interleukins. Atheroma formation also involves the recruitment of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into the intima layer where they produce extracellular matrix molecules, including interstitial collagen and elastin, and form a fibrous cap that covers the plaque...