Freshwater-adapted polychaetes exhibit a complete enzymatic machinery for synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

[EN] The sustainability of aquaculture is challenged by limited fishmeal and fish oil supplies, key sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6), essential for fish...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Bainour, Khalida, Zulkifli, Nabilah, Sam, Ka-Kei, Navarro, Juan C., Castro, Luis Filipe C., Glasby, Christopher J., Shu-Chien, Alexander C., Monroig, Óscar
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:riunet______::df94829716861747e8303a28b9b70b5d
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/235489
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Elovl
Fatty acyl desaturases
Freshwater polychaetes
LC-PUFA biosynthesis
Namalycastis rhodochorde
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] The sustainability of aquaculture is challenged by limited fishmeal and fish oil supplies, key sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6), essential for fish health and product quality. Polychaetes represent a promising alternative. While marine polychaetes show complete LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways involving elongases (Elovl), front-end desaturases (Fed), and methyl-end desaturases (¿ des), freshwater species remain poorly studied. We hypothesize that freshwater-adapted polychaetes exhibit enhanced LC-PUFA biosynthesis to compensate for limited dietary sources in freshwater environments. This study focuses on Namalycastis rhodochorde, a freshwater nereid polychaete found in Southeast Asia. We isolated and characterized elongase and desaturase genes from N. rhodochorde using a yeast-based heterologous expression system. Our results revealed three Elovl (Elovl2/5, Elovl4, Elovl1/7) that elongate PUFA substrates from C18 to C22, two Fed (Fed1 with ¿5 and Fed2 with dual ¿6/¿8 activities), and two ¿ des: a ¿12 desaturase enabling linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) synthesis, and an ¿3 desaturase converting n-6 into n-3 PUFA. These findings indicate that N. rhodochorde has the enzymatic capacity to synthesize LC-PUFA like ARA and EPA, supporting its potential for sustainable biomass production using low-nutrient substrates.