Freshwater-adapted polychaetes exhibit a complete enzymatic machinery for synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
The sustainability of aquaculture is challenged by limited fishmeal and fish oil supplies, key sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6), essential for fish heal...
| Autores: | , , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::cba3a39fcbf95679698310b27bc74764 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/429742 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Elovl Fatty acyl desaturases Freshwater polychaetes LC-PUFA biosynthesis Namalycastis rhodochorde |
| Sumario: | The sustainability of aquaculture is challenged by limited fishmeal and fish oil supplies, key sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6), essential for fish health and product quality. Polychaetes represent a promising alternative. While marine polychaetes show complete LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways involving elongases (Elovl), front-end desaturases (Fed), and methyl-end desaturases (ω des), freshwater species remain poorly studied. We hypothesize that freshwater-adapted polychaetes exhibit enhanced LC-PUFA biosynthesis to compensate for limited dietary sources in freshwater environments. This study focuses on Namalycastis rhodochorde, a freshwater nereid polychaete found in Southeast Asia. We isolated and characterized elongase and desaturase genes from N. rhodochorde using a yeast-based heterologous expression system. Our results revealed three Elovl (Elovl2/5, Elovl4, Elovl1/7) that elongate PUFA substrates from C18 to C22, two Fed (Fed1 with Δ5 and Fed2 with dual Δ6/Δ8 activities), and two ω des: a Δ12 desaturase enabling linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) synthesis, and an ω3 desaturase converting n-6 into n-3 PUFA. These findings indicate that N. rhodochorde has the enzymatic capacity to synthesize LC-PUFA like ARA and EPA, supporting its potential for sustainable biomass production using low-nutrient substrates. |
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