Interplay of walnut consumption, changes in circulating miRNAs and reduction in LDL-cholesterol in elders

The mechanisms underlying the lipid-lowering effect of nuts remain elusive. This study explores whether one-year supplementation with walnuts decreases LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) by affecting the expression of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNA). In this sub-study of the Walnuts and Healthy Aging (WAHA) tr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Gil-Zamorano, Judit, Cofán, Montserrat, López de las Hazas, María del Carmen, García-Blanco, Tatiana, García-Ruiz, Almudena, Doménech, Mónica, Serra-Mir, Mercè, Roth, Irene, Valls Pedret, Cinta, Rajaram, Sujatha, Sabaté, Joan, Ros, Emilio, Dávalos, Alberto, Sala Vila, Aleix
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/54362
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/54362
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071473
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Alpha-linolenic acid
Biomarkers
Cholesterol
Lipid metabolism
Nuts
Descripción
Sumario:The mechanisms underlying the lipid-lowering effect of nuts remain elusive. This study explores whether one-year supplementation with walnuts decreases LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) by affecting the expression of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNA). In this sub-study of the Walnuts and Healthy Aging (WAHA) trial, we obtained fasting serum at baseline and at 1 year from 330 free-living participants (63-79 year, 68% women), allocated into a control group (CG, abstinence from walnuts, n = 164) and a walnut group (WG, 15% of daily energy as walnuts, ~30-60 g/d, n = 166). Participants in the WG showed a 1 year decrease in LDL-C (-9.07, (95% confidence interval: -12.87; -5.73) mg/dL; p = 0.010 versus changes in the CG). We conducted a miRNA array in eight randomly selected participants in the WG who decreased in LDL-C. This yielded 53 c-miRNAs with statistically significant changes, 27 of which survived the correction for multiple testing. When validating them in the full population, statistical significance lasted for hsa-miR-551a, being upregulated in the WG. In mediation analysis, the change in hsa-miR-551a was unrelated to LDL-C decrease. Long-term supplementation with walnuts decreased LDL-C independently of the changes in c-miRNA. The hsa-miR-551a upregulation, which has been linked to a reduced cell migration and invasion in several carcinomas, suggests a novel mechanism of walnuts in cancer risk.

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