Welsh Chwant ‘Desire’ and Trisantona ‘River Trent’ in Tacitus

The article deals with the ancient name of the longest river solely in England, the Trent, fl owing past Stoke-on-Trent and Nottingham to the North Sea. In a passage that has raised debate and led to a number of misinterpretations in literature, Tacitus recorded it as (emended) Trisantona, which has...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Breeze, A. (Andrew)|||/items/bd74ed3f-5d74-486a-87e3-517aaf9bee0b
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Navarra
Repositorio:Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171/113883
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10171/113883
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:латинский язык
валлийский язык
кельтские языки
«Historia Brittonum»
топонимия
этимология
Тацит
река Трент
Latin language
Welsh language
Celtic languages
Historia Brittonum
Tacitus
Place-names
Etymology
River Trent
Descripción
Sumario:The article deals with the ancient name of the longest river solely in England, the Trent, fl owing past Stoke-on-Trent and Nottingham to the North Sea. In a passage that has raised debate and led to a number of misinterpretations in literature, Tacitus recorded it as (emended) Trisantona, which has been explained from Old Irish sét ‘course’ and Welsh hynt ‘path’ as ‘trespasser, one that overfl ows’ (of a stream liable to fl ood). Trisantona or the like would be the name of other rivers, including the Tarrant in Dorset and Tarannon or Trannon in midWales. Yet the interpretation ‘trespasser’ has grave phonetic and semantic defects. They are removed by a new etymology on the basis of Old Irish sét ‘treasure’ (Modern Irish seoid) and Welsh chwant ‘desire’ from hypothetical Common Celtic *suanto-. The paper provides textual, historical and linguistic arguments supporting this etymological interpretation. Trisantona or (preferably) reconstructed *Trisuantona (from *Tresuantona) would thus (instead of ‘trespasser, fl ooder’) mean ‘she of great desire, she who is much loved.’ The implication is that the Trent (like the English rivers Dee ‘goddess’ or Brent ‘she who is exalted’) was regarded as a Celtic female deity, a passionate and perhaps dangerous entity.