Study of the interaction of emotional and bodily states and cognitive flexibility: First and third person approaches
Our behavior is continuously adapting to our changing environment, and we need to respond flexibly to its demands. We require the ability to stop what we are doing and respond to other demands, changing between stimulus, operations and mental sets. This ability is known as cognitive flexibility. Rec...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2018 |
| País: | Chile |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/235097 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10533/235097 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Ciencias Sociales Psicología Otras Especialidades de la Psicología |
| Sumario: | Our behavior is continuously adapting to our changing environment, and we need to respond flexibly to its demands. We require the ability to stop what we are doing and respond to other demands, changing between stimulus, operations and mental sets. This ability is known as cognitive flexibility. Recent findings suggest that emotional states modulate cognitive flexibility, but these findings are still controversial. Moreover, there is no evidence how this modulation affects cortical activity or how a motor action (approach/avoidance) used to respond to environmental demands relates with emotional states. We hypothesized that positive emotional states that promote a general feeling of openness (open stance) would facilitate cognitive flexibility. Conversely, negative emotional states that promote a general feeling of retreating inwardly (closed stance) would hinder it. Such effects should be detected as a change in switch cost as measured by reaction time (RT), when comparing repetition versus switch trials and also reflected in neurophysiological correlates. In order to answer these questions, we carried out three studies. Firstly, we validate and characterized the emotional response to novel musical stimuli (positive/high arousal/open stance and negative/high arousal/closed stance). Secondly, we used these two emotional musical stimuli to induce emotional states in participants. Then they performed the Madrid Card Sorting Task (MCST) a methodology implemented for the study of event-related potentials (ERPs). Thirdly, we explore the integration of a motor action to respond to the task posterior an emotional induction stage with music. All experimental approaches included the micro-phenomenological interview to explore participants emotional and task experiences. Our main result was that negative emotional states facilitated cognitive flexibility, reflected in reduced RTs compared with silent and positive conditions. Additionally, the analysis of the micro-phenomenological interview and the integration of first- and third-person data show that the emotional disposition generated by the music could facilitate or hinder task performance independent of its emotional valence. When the emotional disposition hindered task execution, RTs were slower and the P300 potential were attenuated in its amplitude compared with the facilitated condition. |
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