Ubiquitination: An organismal dynamic regulatory system

Regulation of genetic expression occurs at different levels, from transcriptional control to post-translational modification of proteins. Ubiquitination is one such late process, where target proteins are labeled covalently on a lysine residue with one or more ubiquitin moieties. Ubiquitin itself is...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Zamudio-Arroyo, José Manuel, Peña-Rangel, María Teresa, Riesgo-Escovar, Juan Rafael
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:México
Institución:UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO
Repositorio:TIP Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.ojs.escire.net:article/64
Acceso en línea:http://tip.zaragoza.unam.mx/index.php/tip/article/view/64
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Drosophila melanogaster; E3 ligases; proteasome; ubiquitination
Drosophila melanogaster; E3 ligasas; proteasoma; ubiquitinación
Descripción
Sumario:Regulation of genetic expression occurs at different levels, from transcriptional control to post-translational modification of proteins. Ubiquitination is one such late process, where target proteins are labeled covalently on a lysine residue with one or more ubiquitin moieties. Ubiquitin itself is a small protein. This mechanism is evolutionarily conserved, present to some degree in bacteria. In eukaryotes, it is organized around three conserved enzymes: E1, an activation enzyme, E2 a conjugation enzyme, and E3, a ligation enzyme. This last class is by far the most diverse, being the main one conferring specificity by guiding E2-ubiquitin complexes to appropriate targets. Depending on the activation domain they possess, there are three classes of E3 enzymes: RING-finger, HECT, and U-box. Ubiquitination can signal different outcomes, yet the most studied one is protein degradation via the 26S proteasome. Studying ubiquitination in whole organisms, especially genetic model organisms, confers many advantages, chief among them being the possibility of recording responses of neighboring groups of cells, whether directly affected or not, by the process.