Caracterización química de cucurbita ficifolia Bouché y su efecto hipoglucémico mediado por almacenamiento del glucógeno hepático
Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche (C. ficifolia) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disease with an important epidemiological importance that lies in its high prevalence and mortality rates. There are experimental and clinical evidences about its hypoglycemic action. Ho...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2017 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:nz805z690 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.nz805z690 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Plantas hipoglucémicas info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Diabetes info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Cucurbita ficifolia info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Hypoglycemic plants info:eu-repo/classification/cti/3 |
| Sumario: | Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche (C. ficifolia) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disease with an important epidemiological importance that lies in its high prevalence and mortality rates. There are experimental and clinical evidences about its hypoglycemic action. However, phytochemical and pharmacological studies are still lacking to elucidate, on the one hand, its main active components, and on the other, its hypoglycemic mechanisms of action, in particular the effect on the liver, one of the organs involved in carbohydrates’ metabolism. The objective of the present work was characterizing chemically an aqueous extract of C. ficifolia Bouche and to evaluate markers that regulate hepatic glycogen synthesis, as well as the histological morphology in liver and pancreas. The aqueous extract of C. ficifolia was fractionated by open-column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and by HPLC to purify its main secondary metabolites and was subsequently chemically characterized by NMR and GC-MS. The pharmacological study consisted of an acute study in healthy and diabetic CD-1 strain mice, once the extract was determined to have hypoglycemic activity, a subchronic study was performed using CD-1 mice both healthy and diabetic induced with alloxan, which were given the aqueous and active extract of C. ficifolia for 30 days. The hepatic glycogen content was quantified by a spectrometric method; a histological analysis of the liver was performed using PAS and H-E staining for liver and pancreas; GOT and GPT were quantified by a spectrophotometric method; glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase enzymes and the glucose transporter GLUT-2 were quantified by Western blot; mRNA GLUT-2 and receptor glucagon expression was performed by RT-PCR in real time, whereas serum insulin levels were quantified by ELISA method. The results confirm that the administration of C. ficifolia to healthy and diabetic mice reduces blood glucose levels and corrects some parameters characteristic of DT2, such as transaminase levels and the inflammatory profile observed in histological analysis in liver and pancreas, since the general structure of this organs was not modified compared to the diabetic group. C. ficifolia increased liver glycogen, suggesting that the hypoglycemic mechanism of action of the plant could be mediated in part by accumulation of glucose in glycogen form. In this study, it was possible to isolate and identify seven major compounds present in the active aqueous extract of C. ficifolia, of which two are phytosterols, such as stigmasten-7,22-dien-3-ol and stigmasten-7-en-3-ol, as well as p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and salicin, which have been reported with pharmacological activity and hypoglycemic effects, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid. However, it is still necessary to determine which is the main active compound of the extract, or wheter they are acting synergistically. Histological analysis of liver showed an improvement in the general structure of this organ by administration with C. ficifolia, as well as an increase in the accumulation of glycogen. There was also an increase in glycogen synthase and decrease in glycogen phosphorylase, enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis and degradation. C. ficifolia represents a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and its hypoglycemic effect is partially due to accumulation of hepatic glycogen, since it has been shown to be capable of generating other molecular effects associated with hypoglycemia. In addition, C ficifolia generates protective effect in both liver and pancreas, which could potentially help a better control of diabetes, preventing the development of vascular complications and improving the quality of life of patients. |
|---|