ANÁLISIS DE LOS COMPUESTOS NITROGENADOS Y FÓSFORO, BAJO DIFERENTES CONDICIONES DE ALIMENTOS, PROBIÓTICOS Y DENSIDADES DE SIEMBRA EN UN CULTIVO SUPERINTENSIVO DE CAMARÓN BLANCO (Litopenaeus vannamei) EN GEOMEMBRANAS
The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the behavior of nitrogen compounds and phosphorus variables during the development of the shrimp culture. Three independent experiments were carried out with three treatments in triplicate, where nine circular high-density polyethylene (HDPE...
| Autores: | , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2019 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional Aramara de la UAN |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dspace.uan.mx:123456789/2291 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://dspace.uan.mx:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/2291 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Comportamiento, Compuestos Nitrogenados, Fósforo, Cultivo Camarón CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA [6] |
| Sumario: | The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the behavior of nitrogen compounds and phosphorus variables during the development of the shrimp culture. Three independent experiments were carried out with three treatments in triplicate, where nine circular high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembranes were used with a handling volume of 35 m3, each equipped with four aerating hoses joined to a mother line supplied by two blowers 4.5 HP that will maintain constant aeration throughout the crop. Experiment 1; Effect of three types of commercial foods on nitrogen compounds and phosphorus: a) Special formula food Api-Camarón® Hiperintensivo from the company Maltacleyton® from 40% to 35% protein, based on fish and squid meal (T1). b) Silver Cup Food, The Pedregal® formulated based on animal and vegetable flour with a protein content of 45% to 28% protein (T2). c) Maltaclayton® medium density food from 40% to 25% protein, formulated with fishmeal (T3). Regarding the results of water quality, the temperature was maintained at an average of 31 °C, the oxygen concentration was higher than 5 mg/L, the salinity was constant throughout the crop cycle with an average of 30.3 UPS and pH ranged between 7.5 and 7.6, only significant differences were found in alkalinity (p <0.05), T1 and T2 treatments showed basically the same behavior, however treatment T3 had the lowest concentrations (89.3 ± 22.24 mg / L). The survival of the treatments ranged between 70.1% and 71.4%, there were no significant differences (p> 0.05), to oneself, in the variables TEC (6.83% to 6.93%) and FCA (1:1.26 to 1:1.39). Experiment 2; Evaluate three commercial probiotic mixtures on nitrogenous compounds and phosphorus: a) SrimpShield™ (T1), product of Keeton Industries, each gram contains 2.0 trillion Colony Forming Units (CFU / g). b) Pro 4000X® (T2) from AquaInTech Inc, each tablet contains a minimum of 64 billion colony-forming units (CFU/g). c) Micropan Aqua-Combi® (T3), product manufactured by EVIROVIX SpA, with a bacterial concentration of 5.0 x 105 colony forming units (CFU / g). The temperature, salinity and oxygen were not significantly different (p <0.05) in the treatments. However, the pH presented differences between the ShrimpShield™ and AquaCombi® treatment (8.05 ± 0.2, 8.11 ± 0.2). Regarding the alkalinity concentrations, the ShrimpShield™ treatment was significantly different (p <0.05) 133.12 ± 10.89 mg/L, compared to the Pro 4000X® treatment, 159.29 ± 14.98 mg/L which registered the maximum values. In the three treatments the values of (NO2), were higher 6.98 ± 4.88, 6.40 ± 4.29 and 5.81 ± 4.1 mg/L, the same happened with the values of total phosphorus (PT) and phosphates (PO4) although they did not register significant differences (p> 0.05) between the treatments. The AquaCombi® treatment showed the highest growth at harvest time with 8.26±1.22 g, followed by the ShrimpShield™ treatment with 6.62 ± 0.734 g and finally, the Pro 4000X® treatment with 5.61±0.995. Regarding the TCE, it presented 7.63±0.0.20. The longest survival was observed in the ShrimpShield™ treatment (80.30 ± 3.604%), while the Pro 4000X® treatment had the lowest survival with 70.03 ± 2.9%. Experiment 3; Effect of three different sowing densities on nitrogen compounds and phophor: a) Density 300 org / m3 (T1). b) Density 500 org / m3 (T2). c) Density 700 org / m3 (T3). The average temperature was 27.07 °C, while the minimum concentrations of oxygen were recorded in the treatment T2 and T3 (5.20 mg / L), the salinity remained at a mean of 33.63 UPS. The most acidic conditions (pH) were recorded in the treatments T2 and T3 (7.89-7.99 respectively), in the variations of the nitrogenous compounds there were significant differences in NO2, the maximum concentrations of NO2 were observed in the treatments T1 and T2 ( 0.050-0.048 mg / L respectively), T3 presented the minimum concentrations (0.041 mg / L). Survival was higher in T1 (91.4%), while T2 and T3 showed survival of 74.03% and 65.02% respectively. The greatest weekly weight gain (0.70 g) and the best FCA (1.15: 1). The specific growth rate (TEC) was also affected by planting densities, the highest TEC was recorded in the T1 and T2 treatments (9.77% and 9.51% respectively), while the lowest was observed in T3 (9.14%). |
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