Optimization of alternative ingredients in low fishmeal diets using functional nutrients in Totoaba macdonaldi juveniles
The use of fishmeal (FM) in diets for carnivorous fish is one of the main concerns of the growing aquaculture industry. The constant increase in cost, the limited supply and sustainability issues related to its use in fish diets rather than for human consumption, urgently warrant reducing FM depende...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2018 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional CICESE |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:cicese.repositorioinstitucional.mx:1007/2608 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://cicese.repositorioinstitucional.mx/jspui/handle/1007/2608 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/Autor/gut health, intestinal integrity, alternative ingredients, enteritis, functional nutrients, prebiotic, glutamine, Totoaba macdonaldi info:eu-repo/classification/Autor/salud intestinal, integridad intestinal, ingredientes alternativos, enteritis, nutrientes funcionales, prebiótico, glutamina, Totoaba macdonaldi info:eu-repo/classification/cti/6 info:eu-repo/classification/cti/31 info:eu-repo/classification/cti/3105 info:eu-repo/classification/cti/310502 |
| Sumario: | The use of fishmeal (FM) in diets for carnivorous fish is one of the main concerns of the growing aquaculture industry. The constant increase in cost, the limited supply and sustainability issues related to its use in fish diets rather than for human consumption, urgently warrant reducing FM dependence in carnivorous fish diets and increase the use of more sustainable and cost-effective ingredients. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the inclusion of alternative ingredients in low FM diets and the supplementation with the prebiotic agavin and the functional nutrient glutamine as a nutritional strategy to improve intestinal health and optimize the use of more sustainable diets resulting in better growth at a lower cost in cultured Totoaba macdonaldi juveniles. For this, four consecutive bioassays were performed in totoaba juveniles fed to apparent satiation three times a day. For the first bioassay, (fish initial weight (IW) 72 g), the effect of increased inclusion levels of soybean meal (SBM) in the diet (i.e., 0 %, 22 %, 44 %, and 64 %) was evaluated during 56 days. Increasing the level of SBM showed a significant negative relationship on growth, digestive capacity, and distal intestine integrity. Additionally, a significant decrease in the thermal growth coefficient, condition factor, protein efficiency ratio with an increase in the feed conversion ratio and alteration of the intestinal integrity associated with enteritis were observed on inclusion levels above 22 % SBM. Fish fed with the 44 % and 64 % SBM diets resulted in the most severe damage in the distal intestine, including intestinal atrophy. For the second bioassay, (IW 61 g), a practical diet was formulated with poultry by-product meal and FM in a 2: 1 ratio with SBM included at 24 %. Supplementation with the prebiotic agavin at 2 %, increased growth and feed utilization, decreased the dependence for FM, reduced the costs of producing a kilogram of farmed totoaba and counteracted the negative effects of SBM by maintaining the intestinal integrity compared with fish fed the SBM diet without agavin, and did not result in significant differences compared to the fish fed the FM diet in all parameters evaluated after 44 days of feeding. In the third bioassay (IW 29 g) using the same formulation of the previous bioassay that included 24 % SBM, three levels of agavin (i.e., 1 %, 2 %, and 3 %) were evaluated to estimate the minimum quantity of the prebiotic in the diet that... |
|---|