Characterization and under Water Action Behaviour of a New Plaster-Based Lightened Composites for Precast

Plaster is a construction material widely used for the production of prefabricated parts in building construction due to its high capacity for hygrothermal regulation, its good mechanical performance, and its fireproof nature, among other factors. Its historical use has been linked to ornamental ele...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Álvarez Dorado, Manuel, Ferrández Vega, Daniel, Guijarro Miragaya, Patricia, Morón Fernández, Carlos
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Consejo General de la Arquitectura Técnica de España (CGATE)
Repositorio:RIARTE
OAI Identifier:oai:www.riarte.es:20.500.12251/3292
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12251/3292
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020872
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Material de construcción
Edificación residencial
Industria de la construcción
Material ignífugo
Prefabricados
Escayola
Balance higrotérmico
Ensayos (propiedades o materiales)
Edificios sostenibles
3312.08 Propiedades de Los Materiales
3312.12 Ensayo de Materiales
3313.04 Material de Construcción
Descripción
Sumario:Plaster is a construction material widely used for the production of prefabricated parts in building construction due to its high capacity for hygrothermal regulation, its good mechanical performance, and its fireproof nature, among other factors. Its historical use has been linked to ornamental elements, although more recent research is oriented towards the industrialisation of plaster composites and the design of prefabricated parts for false ceilings and interior partitions. In this work, the behaviour against water of four new plaster-based composite materials is studied, using additions of two types of super absorbent polymers (sodium polyacrylate and potassium polyacrylate) and a lightening material (vermiculite) in their manufacturing process. In addition, the transmission of water vapour through the samples was studied together with the water absorption capacity of the samples in order to check the suitability of the use of plaster-based materials exposed to these environments. The results of this study show that composites with the addition of super absorbent polymers as well as vermiculite significantly improve their water performance compared to traditional materials up to 7.3% water absorption with a minimal (13%) reduction in mechanical strength compared to current materials with similar additions. In this sense, a plaster material is obtained with wide possibilities of application in the construction sector that favours the development of sustainable and quality buildings, in line with Goal 9 for Sustainable Development included in the 2030 Agenda. © 2023 by the authors.