Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)

The Early Pleistocene sites of Orce in southeastern Spain, including Fuente Nueva-3 (FN3), Barranco León (BL) and Venta Micena (VM), provide important insights into the earliest hominin populations and Late Villafranchian large mammal communities. Dated to approximately 1.4 million years ago, FN3 an...

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Autores: Rodríguez Gómez, Guillermo, Espigares, M. Patrocinio, Martínez Navarro, Bienvenido, Ros Montoya, Sergio, Guerra Merchán, Antonio, Martín González, Jesús A., Campaña Lozano, Isidoro, Pérez Ramos, Alejandro, Granados, Alejandro, García Aguilar, J.M.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/108984
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/108984
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:569.89(460.357)
Prey biomass
Large mammals
Taphonomy
Early Pleistocene
Western Europe
Venta Micena
Fuente Nueva 3
Barranco León
Paleontología
2416.05 Paleontología de Los Vertebrados
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spelling Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)Rodríguez Gómez, GuillermoEspigares, M. PatrocinioMartínez Navarro, BienvenidoRos Montoya, SergioGuerra Merchán, AntonioMartín González, Jesús A.Campaña Lozano, IsidoroPérez Ramos, AlejandroGranados, AlejandroGarcía Aguilar, J.M.569.89(460.357)Prey biomassLarge mammalsTaphonomyEarly PleistoceneWestern EuropeVenta MicenaFuente Nueva 3Barranco LeónPaleontología2416.05 Paleontología de Los VertebradosThe Early Pleistocene sites of Orce in southeastern Spain, including Fuente Nueva-3 (FN3), Barranco León (BL) and Venta Micena (VM), provide important insights into the earliest hominin populations and Late Villafranchian large mammal communities. Dated to approximately 1.4 million years ago, FN3 and BL preserve abundant Oldowan tools, cut marks and a human primary tooth, indicating hominin activity. VM, approximately 1.6 million years old, is an outstanding site because it preserves an exceptionally rich assemblage of large mammals and predates the presence of hominins, providing a context for pre-human conditions in the region. Research suggests that both hominins and giant hyenas were essential to the accumulation of skeletal remains at FN3 and BL, with secondary access to meat resources exploited by saber-toothed felids. This aim of this study aims to correlate the relative abundance of large herbivores at these sites with their estimates of Carrying Capacity (CC) and Total Available Biomass (TAB) using the PSEco model, which incorporates survival and mortality profiles to estimate these parameters in paleoecosystems. Our results show: (i) similarities between quarries VM3 and VM4 and (ii) similarities of these quarries with BL-D (level D), suggesting a similar formation process; (iii) that the role of humans would be secondary in BL-D and FN3-LAL (Lower Archaeological Level), although with a greater human influence in FN3-LAL due to the greater presence of horses and small species; and (iv) that FN3-UAL (Upper Archaeological Level) shows similarities with the expected CC values for FN3/BL, consistent with a natural trap of quicksand scenario, where the large mammal species were trapped according to their abundance and body mass, as there is a greater presence of rhinos and mammoths due to the greater weight per unit area exerted by their legs. Given the usefulness of this approach, we propose to apply it first to sites that have been proposed to function as natural traps.MDPIUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20242024-08-2720242024-08-27journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/108984reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1089842026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
title Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
spellingShingle Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
Rodríguez Gómez, Guillermo
569.89(460.357)
Prey biomass
Large mammals
Taphonomy
Early Pleistocene
Western Europe
Venta Micena
Fuente Nueva 3
Barranco León
Paleontología
2416.05 Paleontología de Los Vertebrados
title_short Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
title_full Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
title_fullStr Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
title_full_unstemmed Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
title_sort Carrying capacity, available meat and the fossil record of the Orce sites (Baza Basin, Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Rodríguez Gómez, Guillermo
Espigares, M. Patrocinio
Martínez Navarro, Bienvenido
Ros Montoya, Sergio
Guerra Merchán, Antonio
Martín González, Jesús A.
Campaña Lozano, Isidoro
Pérez Ramos, Alejandro
Granados, Alejandro
García Aguilar, J.M.
author Rodríguez Gómez, Guillermo
author_facet Rodríguez Gómez, Guillermo
Espigares, M. Patrocinio
Martínez Navarro, Bienvenido
Ros Montoya, Sergio
Guerra Merchán, Antonio
Martín González, Jesús A.
Campaña Lozano, Isidoro
Pérez Ramos, Alejandro
Granados, Alejandro
García Aguilar, J.M.
author_role author
author2 Espigares, M. Patrocinio
Martínez Navarro, Bienvenido
Ros Montoya, Sergio
Guerra Merchán, Antonio
Martín González, Jesús A.
Campaña Lozano, Isidoro
Pérez Ramos, Alejandro
Granados, Alejandro
García Aguilar, J.M.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 569.89(460.357)
Prey biomass
Large mammals
Taphonomy
Early Pleistocene
Western Europe
Venta Micena
Fuente Nueva 3
Barranco León
Paleontología
2416.05 Paleontología de Los Vertebrados
topic 569.89(460.357)
Prey biomass
Large mammals
Taphonomy
Early Pleistocene
Western Europe
Venta Micena
Fuente Nueva 3
Barranco León
Paleontología
2416.05 Paleontología de Los Vertebrados
description The Early Pleistocene sites of Orce in southeastern Spain, including Fuente Nueva-3 (FN3), Barranco León (BL) and Venta Micena (VM), provide important insights into the earliest hominin populations and Late Villafranchian large mammal communities. Dated to approximately 1.4 million years ago, FN3 and BL preserve abundant Oldowan tools, cut marks and a human primary tooth, indicating hominin activity. VM, approximately 1.6 million years old, is an outstanding site because it preserves an exceptionally rich assemblage of large mammals and predates the presence of hominins, providing a context for pre-human conditions in the region. Research suggests that both hominins and giant hyenas were essential to the accumulation of skeletal remains at FN3 and BL, with secondary access to meat resources exploited by saber-toothed felids. This aim of this study aims to correlate the relative abundance of large herbivores at these sites with their estimates of Carrying Capacity (CC) and Total Available Biomass (TAB) using the PSEco model, which incorporates survival and mortality profiles to estimate these parameters in paleoecosystems. Our results show: (i) similarities between quarries VM3 and VM4 and (ii) similarities of these quarries with BL-D (level D), suggesting a similar formation process; (iii) that the role of humans would be secondary in BL-D and FN3-LAL (Lower Archaeological Level), although with a greater human influence in FN3-LAL due to the greater presence of horses and small species; and (iv) that FN3-UAL (Upper Archaeological Level) shows similarities with the expected CC values for FN3/BL, consistent with a natural trap of quicksand scenario, where the large mammal species were trapped according to their abundance and body mass, as there is a greater presence of rhinos and mammoths due to the greater weight per unit area exerted by their legs. Given the usefulness of this approach, we propose to apply it first to sites that have been proposed to function as natural traps.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-08-27
2024
2024-08-27
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/108984
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/108984
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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