Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials

The use of alkaline waste in construction enables dual CO2 removal, both through carbonation processes employed to enhance their properties as construction materials and by substituting them in cement production. However, despite their environmental benefits and demonstrated properties such as stren...

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Autores: Suárez Navarro, José Antonio, Moreno de los Reyes, A.M., Expósito-Suárez, Víctor Manuel, Guerrero Bustos, Ana María, Frías, Moisés, Hernáiz, Guillermo, Benavente, José Francisco
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::780512aa2c4a052dfb6fccc816ddbab2
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/430346
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105036198445
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:222Rn emanation
Alkaline waste
Biomass ash
Gamma spectrometry
Supplementary cementitious materials
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spelling Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materialsSuárez Navarro, José AntonioMoreno de los Reyes, A.M.Expósito-Suárez, Víctor ManuelGuerrero Bustos, Ana MaríaFrías, MoisésHernáiz, GuillermoBenavente, José Francisco222Rn emanationAlkaline wasteBiomass ashGamma spectrometrySupplementary cementitious materialsThe use of alkaline waste in construction enables dual CO2 removal, both through carbonation processes employed to enhance their properties as construction materials and by substituting them in cement production. However, despite their environmental benefits and demonstrated properties such as strength, water absorption, chemical reactivity, porosity, etc., these materials may contain natural radionuclides at elevated activity concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse these materials to ensure their safety from a radiological protection perspective for humans and the environment. The alkaline supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) studied were a white steel slag (LFS), a biomass ash (BA), and a siliceous construction and demolition waste (CDW). This study presents the radiological characterisation via gamma spectrometry of the individual materials, hardened cement pastes fabricated with 80% ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and 20% of these alkaline SCMs, and ground hardened pastes. The alkaline residue BA exhibited high concentrations of 210Pb and 40K (around 5000 Bq kg−1), both with and without accelerated carbonation. However, the absorbed dose rates from external radiation of the final construction materials were lower than the natural background radiation level of 84 nGy h−1. On the other hand, the emanation and exhalation rates of 222Rn, both in the individual materials and in the cement pastes containing 20% of the SCMs, were equivalent to those obtained with OPC cement.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work is supported by the MICIU/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and the ERDF/ EU to finance the Spanish National project PID2021-122390OB-C21/ CIDECAR.Peer reviewedSpringer NatureConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Suárez Navarro, José Antonio [0000-0003-0864-6861]Moreno de los Reyes, A.M. [0009-0007-0061-3287]Guerrero Bustos, Ana María [0000-0002-4130-1032]Frías, Moisés [0000-0001-6621-7227]Instituto de Ciencias de La Construcción Eduardo Torroja [https://ror.org/03x2a1f75]202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/430346https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105036198445reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-122390OB-C21Environmental science and pollution research internationalhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-026-37752-6Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:digitalcsic_::780512aa2c4a052dfb6fccc816ddbab22026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
title Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
spellingShingle Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
Suárez Navarro, José Antonio
222Rn emanation
Alkaline waste
Biomass ash
Gamma spectrometry
Supplementary cementitious materials
title_short Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
title_full Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
title_fullStr Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
title_full_unstemmed Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
title_sort Effective dose from external radiation and 222Rn exhalation of construction materials manufactured with carbonated alkaline waste materials
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Suárez Navarro, José Antonio
Moreno de los Reyes, A.M.
Expósito-Suárez, Víctor Manuel
Guerrero Bustos, Ana María
Frías, Moisés
Hernáiz, Guillermo
Benavente, José Francisco
author Suárez Navarro, José Antonio
author_facet Suárez Navarro, José Antonio
Moreno de los Reyes, A.M.
Expósito-Suárez, Víctor Manuel
Guerrero Bustos, Ana María
Frías, Moisés
Hernáiz, Guillermo
Benavente, José Francisco
author_role author
author2 Moreno de los Reyes, A.M.
Expósito-Suárez, Víctor Manuel
Guerrero Bustos, Ana María
Frías, Moisés
Hernáiz, Guillermo
Benavente, José Francisco
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Suárez Navarro, José Antonio [0000-0003-0864-6861]
Moreno de los Reyes, A.M. [0009-0007-0061-3287]
Guerrero Bustos, Ana María [0000-0002-4130-1032]
Frías, Moisés [0000-0001-6621-7227]
Instituto de Ciencias de La Construcción Eduardo Torroja [https://ror.org/03x2a1f75]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 222Rn emanation
Alkaline waste
Biomass ash
Gamma spectrometry
Supplementary cementitious materials
topic 222Rn emanation
Alkaline waste
Biomass ash
Gamma spectrometry
Supplementary cementitious materials
description The use of alkaline waste in construction enables dual CO2 removal, both through carbonation processes employed to enhance their properties as construction materials and by substituting them in cement production. However, despite their environmental benefits and demonstrated properties such as strength, water absorption, chemical reactivity, porosity, etc., these materials may contain natural radionuclides at elevated activity concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse these materials to ensure their safety from a radiological protection perspective for humans and the environment. The alkaline supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) studied were a white steel slag (LFS), a biomass ash (BA), and a siliceous construction and demolition waste (CDW). This study presents the radiological characterisation via gamma spectrometry of the individual materials, hardened cement pastes fabricated with 80% ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and 20% of these alkaline SCMs, and ground hardened pastes. The alkaline residue BA exhibited high concentrations of 210Pb and 40K (around 5000 Bq kg−1), both with and without accelerated carbonation. However, the absorbed dose rates from external radiation of the final construction materials were lower than the natural background radiation level of 84 nGy h−1. On the other hand, the emanation and exhalation rates of 222Rn, both in the individual materials and in the cement pastes containing 20% of the SCMs, were equivalent to those obtained with OPC cement.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/430346
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105036198445
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/430346
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105036198445
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-122390OB-C21
Environmental science and pollution research international
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-026-37752-6
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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