Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels

Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype o...

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Autores: Vichi, S. (Stefania), Mayer, Morgana N., León-Cárdenas, María G., Quintanilla-Casas, Beatriz, Tres Oliver, Alba, Guardiola Ibarz, Francesc, Batlle, Ignasi, Romero, Agustí
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Recursos:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/167218
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/167218
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Ametlles
Inspecció dels aliments
Almond
Food inspection
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spelling Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond KernelsVichi, S. (Stefania)Mayer, Morgana N.León-Cárdenas, María G.Quintanilla-Casas, BeatrizTres Oliver, AlbaGuardiola Ibarz, FrancescBatlle, IgnasiRomero, AgustíAmetllesInspecció dels alimentsAlmondFood inspectionBitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds' genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.MDPI2020202020202020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/167218Articles publicats en revistes (Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9060747Foods, 2020, vol. 9, num. 6, p. 747https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9060747cc-by (c) Vichi, S. (Stefania) et al., 2020http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/esinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/1672182026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
spellingShingle Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
Vichi, S. (Stefania)
Ametlles
Inspecció dels aliments
Almond
Food inspection
title_short Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_full Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_fullStr Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_full_unstemmed Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_sort Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- And Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Vichi, S. (Stefania)
Mayer, Morgana N.
León-Cárdenas, María G.
Quintanilla-Casas, Beatriz
Tres Oliver, Alba
Guardiola Ibarz, Francesc
Batlle, Ignasi
Romero, Agustí
author Vichi, S. (Stefania)
author_facet Vichi, S. (Stefania)
Mayer, Morgana N.
León-Cárdenas, María G.
Quintanilla-Casas, Beatriz
Tres Oliver, Alba
Guardiola Ibarz, Francesc
Batlle, Ignasi
Romero, Agustí
author_role author
author2 Mayer, Morgana N.
León-Cárdenas, María G.
Quintanilla-Casas, Beatriz
Tres Oliver, Alba
Guardiola Ibarz, Francesc
Batlle, Ignasi
Romero, Agustí
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ametlles
Inspecció dels aliments
Almond
Food inspection
topic Ametlles
Inspecció dels aliments
Almond
Food inspection
description Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds' genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2020
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/167218
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/167218
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9060747
Foods, 2020, vol. 9, num. 6, p. 747
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9060747
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Vichi, S. (Stefania) et al., 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Vichi, S. (Stefania) et al., 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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