Chemical nonequilibrium for interacting bosons: applications to the pion gas

We consider an interacting pion gas in a stage of the system evolution where thermal but not chemical equilibrium has been reached, i.e., for temperatures between thermal and chemical freeze-out T(ther) < T < T(chem) reached in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Approximate particle number con...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Fernández Fraile, Daniel, Gómez Nicola, Ángel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2009
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/44575
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/44575
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:51-73
Chiral perturbation-theory
Heavy-ion collisions
Bose-Einstein condensation
Quantum-field theories
Finite-temperature
Real-time
Dispersion-relations
Imaginary-time
Matter
Dynamics
Física-Modelos matemáticos
Física matemática
Descripción
Sumario:We consider an interacting pion gas in a stage of the system evolution where thermal but not chemical equilibrium has been reached, i.e., for temperatures between thermal and chemical freeze-out T(ther) < T < T(chem) reached in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Approximate particle number conservation is implemented by a nonvanishing pion number chemical potential mu(pi) within a diagrammatic thermal field-theory approach, valid in principle for any bosonic field theory in this regime. The resulting Feynman rules are derived here and applied within the context of chiral perturbation theory to discuss thermodynamical quantities of interest for the pion gas such as the free energy, the quark condensate, and thermal self-energy. In particular, we derive the mu(pi) not equal 0 generalization of Luscher and Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner-type relations. We pay special attention to the comparison with the conventional kinetic theory approach in the dilute regime, which allows for a check of consistency of our approach. Several phenomenological applications are discussed, concerning chiral symmetry restoration, freeze-out conditions, and Bose-Einstein pion condensation.