Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients

In this study, we investigated gene expression related to cholesterol efflux receptors in individuals at high cardiovascular risk undergoing Mediterranean dietary interventions. Through transcriptomic analysis, we examined samples from two randomized controlled trials: PREDIMED and PREDIMED-Plus, wi...

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Autores: Hernando-Redondo, Javier, Hernáez, Álvaro, Sanllorente, Albert, Pintó, Xavier, Estruch, Ramón, Salas-Salvadó, Jordi, Corella, Dolores, Aros, Fernando, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, Subirana, Isaac, Muñoz-Aguayo, Daniel, Malcampo, Mireia, Serra-Majem, Lluis, Romaguera, Dora, Lapetra, Jose, Ros, Emilio, Tinahones, Francisco, Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa Maria, Gómez-Gracia, Enrique, Fitó, Montserrat, Castañer-Niño, Olga
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/25514
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/25514
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Diet, Mediterranean
Nutrigenomics
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dieta Mediterránea
Nutrigenómica
Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorio
Mediterranean diet
cardiovascular risk
nutrigenomic
omics
randomized controlled trial
transcriptomic
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spelling Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular PatientsHernando-Redondo, JavierHernáez, ÁlvaroSanllorente, AlbertPintó, XavierEstruch, RamónSalas-Salvadó, JordiCorella, DoloresAros, FernandoMartínez-González, Miguel ÁngelSubirana, IsaacMuñoz-Aguayo, DanielMalcampo, MireiaSerra-Majem, LluisRomaguera, DoraLapetra, JoseRos, EmilioTinahones, FranciscoLamuela-Raventós, Rosa MariaGómez-Gracia, EnriqueFitó, MontserratCastañer-Niño, OlgaDiet, MediterraneanNutrigenomicsRandomized Controlled TrialDieta MediterráneaNutrigenómicaEnsayo Clínico Controlado AleatorioMediterranean dietcardiovascular risknutrigenomicomicsrandomized controlled trialtranscriptomicIn this study, we investigated gene expression related to cholesterol efflux receptors in individuals at high cardiovascular risk undergoing Mediterranean dietary interventions. Through transcriptomic analysis, we examined samples from two randomized controlled trials: PREDIMED and PREDIMED-Plus, with 151 and 89 elderly adults, respectively. Blood cells were isolated at baseline and after a 12-month intervention. In the PREDIMED trial, participants followed different Mediterranean diets: one supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (traditional Mediterranean diet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil [MedDiet-EVOO]), another with nuts (MedDiet enriched with nuts MedDiet-Nuts [MedDiet-Nuts]), and a low-fat control diet. The PREDIMED-Plus trial compared an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet (Er-MedDiet) with physical activity to an ad libitum Mediterranean diet. Over time, mild but significant upregulation of genes like ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA), retinoid X receptor beta (RXRB), and Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 (NR1H3) was observed in response to MedDiet-EVOO, MedDiet-Nuts, and Er-MedDiet. Notably, RXRA expression was higher in both MedDiet-EVOO and MedDiet-Nuts compared to the control diet. Differences in gene expression, particularly RXRA, ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1), NR1H3, and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Delta (PPARD), were evident between MedDiet-Nuts and the control diet. In the PREDIMED-Plus trial, no significant differences in gene expression were found between dietary groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed overlapping gene expression profiles across different Mediterranean diet interventions. In conclusion, our study highlights the cardiovascular health benefits of long-term adherence to a Mediterranean diet, both normocaloric and hypocaloric, primarily reflected by mild upregulation of cholesterol efflux-related genes-specifically involving RXRA, RXRB, ABCA1, ABCG1, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 2(NR1H2), and PPARD-among elderly adults at high cardiovascular risk. This suggests a potential mechanism by which these diets may exert cardiovascular protective effects.Wiley20252025-07-0120252025-07-01research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/25514reponame:Docusalutinstname:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes BalearsInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/255142026-06-22T12:44:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
title Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
spellingShingle Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
Hernando-Redondo, Javier
Diet, Mediterranean
Nutrigenomics
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dieta Mediterránea
Nutrigenómica
Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorio
Mediterranean diet
cardiovascular risk
nutrigenomic
omics
randomized controlled trial
transcriptomic
title_short Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
title_full Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
title_fullStr Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
title_full_unstemmed Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
title_sort Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Hernando-Redondo, Javier
Hernáez, Álvaro
Sanllorente, Albert
Pintó, Xavier
Estruch, Ramón
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
Corella, Dolores
Aros, Fernando
Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
Subirana, Isaac
Muñoz-Aguayo, Daniel
Malcampo, Mireia
Serra-Majem, Lluis
Romaguera, Dora
Lapetra, Jose
Ros, Emilio
Tinahones, Francisco
Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa Maria
Gómez-Gracia, Enrique
Fitó, Montserrat
Castañer-Niño, Olga
author Hernando-Redondo, Javier
author_facet Hernando-Redondo, Javier
Hernáez, Álvaro
Sanllorente, Albert
Pintó, Xavier
Estruch, Ramón
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
Corella, Dolores
Aros, Fernando
Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
Subirana, Isaac
Muñoz-Aguayo, Daniel
Malcampo, Mireia
Serra-Majem, Lluis
Romaguera, Dora
Lapetra, Jose
Ros, Emilio
Tinahones, Francisco
Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa Maria
Gómez-Gracia, Enrique
Fitó, Montserrat
Castañer-Niño, Olga
author_role author
author2 Hernáez, Álvaro
Sanllorente, Albert
Pintó, Xavier
Estruch, Ramón
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
Corella, Dolores
Aros, Fernando
Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
Subirana, Isaac
Muñoz-Aguayo, Daniel
Malcampo, Mireia
Serra-Majem, Lluis
Romaguera, Dora
Lapetra, Jose
Ros, Emilio
Tinahones, Francisco
Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa Maria
Gómez-Gracia, Enrique
Fitó, Montserrat
Castañer-Niño, Olga
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Diet, Mediterranean
Nutrigenomics
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dieta Mediterránea
Nutrigenómica
Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorio
Mediterranean diet
cardiovascular risk
nutrigenomic
omics
randomized controlled trial
transcriptomic
topic Diet, Mediterranean
Nutrigenomics
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dieta Mediterránea
Nutrigenómica
Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorio
Mediterranean diet
cardiovascular risk
nutrigenomic
omics
randomized controlled trial
transcriptomic
description In this study, we investigated gene expression related to cholesterol efflux receptors in individuals at high cardiovascular risk undergoing Mediterranean dietary interventions. Through transcriptomic analysis, we examined samples from two randomized controlled trials: PREDIMED and PREDIMED-Plus, with 151 and 89 elderly adults, respectively. Blood cells were isolated at baseline and after a 12-month intervention. In the PREDIMED trial, participants followed different Mediterranean diets: one supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (traditional Mediterranean diet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil [MedDiet-EVOO]), another with nuts (MedDiet enriched with nuts MedDiet-Nuts [MedDiet-Nuts]), and a low-fat control diet. The PREDIMED-Plus trial compared an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet (Er-MedDiet) with physical activity to an ad libitum Mediterranean diet. Over time, mild but significant upregulation of genes like ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA), retinoid X receptor beta (RXRB), and Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 (NR1H3) was observed in response to MedDiet-EVOO, MedDiet-Nuts, and Er-MedDiet. Notably, RXRA expression was higher in both MedDiet-EVOO and MedDiet-Nuts compared to the control diet. Differences in gene expression, particularly RXRA, ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1), NR1H3, and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Delta (PPARD), were evident between MedDiet-Nuts and the control diet. In the PREDIMED-Plus trial, no significant differences in gene expression were found between dietary groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed overlapping gene expression profiles across different Mediterranean diet interventions. In conclusion, our study highlights the cardiovascular health benefits of long-term adherence to a Mediterranean diet, both normocaloric and hypocaloric, primarily reflected by mild upregulation of cholesterol efflux-related genes-specifically involving RXRA, RXRB, ABCA1, ABCG1, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 2(NR1H2), and PPARD-among elderly adults at high cardiovascular risk. This suggests a potential mechanism by which these diets may exert cardiovascular protective effects.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-07-01
2025
2025-07-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/25514
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/25514
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docusalut
instname:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
instname_str Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
reponame_str Docusalut
collection Docusalut
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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