Hydraulic modelling and pedestrian hazard assessment on underground access stairs: The paral·lel metro station case study in Barcelona

Given the increasing flooding incidents in metro stations globally, underground space infrastructures must guarantee users' safety. This manuscript characterises the hydraulic behaviour of a flood-prone access stairs of the Paral·lel Metro station in Barcelona. Using a real-scale stairs model a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Aparicio Uribe, Carlos Humberto, Russo, Beniamino|||0000-0001-9437-0085, Téllez Álvarez, Jackson, Martínez Gomariz, Eduardo|||0000-0002-0189-0725
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/457086
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/457086
https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.70198
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Flooded stairs
Flood-related hazard assessment
Human instability criteria
Metro stations
Stability of people in floodwater
Stairshydraulic behaviour
Underground space
Urban resilience
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Enginyeria hidràulica, marítima i sanitària
Descripción
Sumario:Given the increasing flooding incidents in metro stations globally, underground space infrastructures must guarantee users' safety. This manuscript characterises the hydraulic behaviour of a flood-prone access stairs of the Paral·lel Metro station in Barcelona. Using a real-scale stairs model at the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLOW-3D. Hydraulic parameters; water velocity, and depth were analysed under different discharges. Human instability criteria, Momentum of Flow (MF) and Specific Force Per Unit Width ‘SFPUW’ (M0) indicated that the most hazardous zone was the lower part of the stairs. Sectorised analyses showed that specific locations like the walls and proximities to risers presented lower safety criteria values compared to the centre of the stairs and steps' borders. Also, the numerical model closely mirrored the aerated flow experimentally observed. These findings provide useful information for future research campaigns aiming to improve urban resilience to face underground evacuation of flooded stairs.