Enhanced antiviral immunity and dampened inflammation in llama lymph nodes upon MERS-CoV sensing

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection can cause fatal pulmonary inflammatory disease in humans. Contrarily, camelids and bats are the main reservoir hosts, tolerant for MERS-CoV replication without suffering clinical disease. Here, we isolated cervical lymph node (LN) cel...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Rodon, Jordi|||0000-0002-1032-9091, Te, Nigeer|||0000-0002-5794-5764, Segalés Coma, Joaquim|||0000-0002-1539-7261, Vergara-Alert, Júlia|||0000-0001-7484-444X, Bensaid, Albert|||0000-0001-6493-3756
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:282252
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/282252
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1205080
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Camelids
Cytokines
Immune responses
Llama
Lymph node
Lymphocyte
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Descripción
Sumario:Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection can cause fatal pulmonary inflammatory disease in humans. Contrarily, camelids and bats are the main reservoir hosts, tolerant for MERS-CoV replication without suffering clinical disease. Here, we isolated cervical lymph node (LN) cells from MERS-CoV convalescent llamas and pulsed them with two different viral strains (clades B and C). Viral replication was not supported in LN, but a cellular immune response was mounted. Reminiscent Th1 responses (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12) were elicited upon MERS-CoV sensing, accompanied by a marked and transient peak of antiviral responses (type I IFNs, IFN-λ3, ISGs, PRRs and TFs). Importantly, expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) or inflammasome components (NLRP3, CASP1, PYCARD) was dampened. The role of IFN-λ3 to counterbalance inflammatory processes and bridge innate and adaptive immune responses in camelid species is discussed. Our findings shed light into key mechanisms on how reservoir species control MERS-CoV in the absence of clinical disease.