Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 14-11-2013

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Rodríguez Colinas, Bárbara
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/660262
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10486/660262
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Niños - Alimentación - Tesis doctorales
Oligosacáridos - Tesis doctorales
Leche - Tratamiento - Tesis doctorales
Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (Madrid)
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
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network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
title Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
spellingShingle Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
Rodríguez Colinas, Bárbara
Niños - Alimentación - Tesis doctorales
Oligosacáridos - Tesis doctorales
Leche - Tratamiento - Tesis doctorales
Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (Madrid)
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
title_short Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
title_full Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
title_fullStr Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
title_full_unstemmed Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
title_sort Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantiles
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Rodríguez Colinas, Bárbara
author Rodríguez Colinas, Bárbara
author_facet Rodríguez Colinas, Bárbara
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Plou Gasca, Francisco José
Ballesteros Olmo, Antonio
Departamento de Biología Molecular
Facultad de Ciencias
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Niños - Alimentación - Tesis doctorales
Oligosacáridos - Tesis doctorales
Leche - Tratamiento - Tesis doctorales
Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (Madrid)
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
topic Niños - Alimentación - Tesis doctorales
Oligosacáridos - Tesis doctorales
Leche - Tratamiento - Tesis doctorales
Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (Madrid)
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
description Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 14-11-2013
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013
2013-11-14
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv doctoral thesis
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
NA
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10486/660262
url http://hdl.handle.net/10486/660262
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Obtención enzimática, caracterización y propiedades prebióticas de oligosacáridos empleados en leches infantilesRodríguez Colinas, BárbaraNiños - Alimentación - Tesis doctoralesOligosacáridos - Tesis doctoralesLeche - Tratamiento - Tesis doctoralesInstituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (Madrid)Biología y Biomedicina / BiologíaTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 14-11-2013Prebiotics are selectively fermented ingredients that allow specific changes in composition and/or activity in the gastrointestinal microflora that confer benefits upon host well-being and health. In this field, the attention is mainly focused on fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) due to their current use in many foods and their importance in human health. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) supply all the nutritional needs to the baby and they are essential to the proper development and growth of the baby. Their components provide bioactive compounds that confer protection against pathogens and diseases, modulate immune system, stimulate desired bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, influence in cognitive development and establishment of the intestinal microbiota. Due to the complexity of these HMOs, it is a common practice the supplementation of FOS/GOS in infant formulas as alternative sources of prebiotic ingredients to provide similar bifidogenic effects to breast fed babies. In this work several enzymes were studied for their use in prebiotic oligosaccharide production; three β-galactosidases from K. lactis, B. circulans and A. oryzae for GOS synthesis and one β- fructofuranoside from A. aculeatus for FOS production. The major products synthesized by B. circulans β-galactosidase contained only β (1→4) bonds, whereas the enzyme from K. lactis and A. oryzae displayed a clear tendency to form β (1→6) linkages. B. circulans and K. lactis β-galactosidases produce nearly 45-50% (w/w) GOS, whereas the A. oryzae enzyme produced less than 30% (w/w) GOS. Regarding to product distribution B. circulans enzyme synthesized the highest amount of trisaccharides wheras K. lactis and A. oryzae would be a better choice to synthesize a product with content in di- and trisaccharides. The β-fructofuranoside from A. aculeatus formed basically a mixture of 1-kestose, nystose and 1F-fructosylnystose. It is reported that the chemical structure of the obtained oligosaccharides (composition, number of hexose units and types of linkages between them) may affect their fermentation pattern by probiotic bacteria in the gut. To verify this effect, fermentation selectivity of some purified carbohydrates, with different polymerization degree and distribution, was estimated using in vitro fermentation systems inoculated with human fecal slurries. Changes in bacterial populations were measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and HPLC analysis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by oligosaccharide fermentation. All the tested GOS could be considered bifidogenic under the assayed conditions with selective index (SI) slightly lower to the determined for a commercial GOS mixture. A challenging objective of this work was to obtain milk with a low content of lactose and a significant amount of GOS. GOS concentration obtained with K. lactis β-galactosidase using skim milk was close to the HMOs content in breast milk. Pasteurization after controlled enzymatic treatment could result in a product with a low lactose content and with the extra benefit of a significant presence of prebiotic GOS. In order to scale-up the processes to synthesize prebiotic oligosaccharides, immobilization in calcium alginate gel beads was successfully performed for both β-galactosidase from B. circulans and β- fructofuranoside from A. aculeatus. The controlled dehydration of alginate beads resulted in novel biocatalysts (DALGEEs, Dry ALGinate Entrapped Enzymes) with improved properties with respect to the wet beads. DALGEEs displayed higher volumetric activity, reduced volume and better storage. The operational stability of DALGEEs containing β-fructofuranoside in a fixed-bed reactor was extraordinary with a nearly constant FOS composition during 700 h.Plou Gasca, Francisco JoséBallesteros Olmo, AntonioDepartamento de Biología MolecularFacultad de Ciencias20132013-11-14doctoral thesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10486/660262reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/6602622026-06-23T12:46:27Z
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