Generation of Koku-Related Peptides Using Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Post-Treatment in Porcine Liver Hydrolyzates

The growing production volume of the meat industry has increased the need for revalorization of meat by-products to reduce economic and environmental impacts. Enzymatic hydrolysis of protein-rich meat by-products is an effective strategy for producing hydrolyzates with bioactive potential. Combining...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López-Martínez, Manuel Ignacio, Hopf, Angelina, Vreeke, Gijs J.C., Toldrá Vilardell, Fidel, Hilgers, Roelant, Mora, Leticia
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::37cf50bb1bf35f723d7f16ef55987c3c
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/429039
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27083440
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Porcine liver
Enzymatic hydrolysis
γ-glutamyl peptides
Koku
Taste
Antioxidant activities
Transpeptidase
Descripción
Sumario:The growing production volume of the meat industry has increased the need for revalorization of meat by-products to reduce economic and environmental impacts. Enzymatic hydrolysis of protein-rich meat by-products is an effective strategy for producing hydrolyzates with bioactive potential. Combining sequential enzymatic hydrolysis with γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity can promote the formation of γ-glutamyl peptides associated with koku perception, a sensory attribute that increases taste intensity, continuity, and palatability. This study aimed to develop porcine liver hydrolyzates enriched in koku-related peptides through enzymatic hydrolysis followed by post-treatment with the transpeptidase Protana Uboost. Substrate specificity assays showed that a 0.2 U/mL enzyme concentration maximized γ-glutamyl dipeptide formation. Sequential hydrolysis using Alcalase and Protana Prime followed by Protana Uboost post-treatment generated the highest levels of koku-related peptides. Moreover, post-treatment significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity in the resulting hydrolyzates, supporting their potential as a functional ingredient.