The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system

During the development of the central nervous system (CNS), neurogenesis gives rise to neurons and glia at different times and locations. Identifying progenitor cells from which these neurons and glia derived, is essential to understand the heterogeneity of the different cell types produced and how...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Sánchez Farías, Nuria
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
Repositorio:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:minerva.usc.gal:10347/14779
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10347/14779
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240105 Desarrollo animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240110 Histología animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2490 Neurociencias::249002 Neuroquímica
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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
title The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
spellingShingle The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
Sánchez Farías, Nuria
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240105 Desarrollo animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240110 Histología animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2490 Neurociencias::249002 Neuroquímica
title_short The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
title_full The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
title_fullStr The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
title_full_unstemmed The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
title_sort The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Sánchez Farías, Nuria
author Sánchez Farías, Nuria
author_facet Sánchez Farías, Nuria
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Candal Suárez, Eva María
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Facultade de Bioloxía. Departamento de Bioloxía Celular e Ecoloxía
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240105 Desarrollo animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240110 Histología animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2490 Neurociencias::249002 Neuroquímica
topic Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240105 Desarrollo animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240110 Histología animal
Materias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2490 Neurociencias::249002 Neuroquímica
description During the development of the central nervous system (CNS), neurogenesis gives rise to neurons and glia at different times and locations. Identifying progenitor cells from which these neurons and glia derived, is essential to understand the heterogeneity of the different cell types produced and how to use them for CNS repair. One of the most exciting and recent advances in this field has been the recognition of the radial glial cells as neurogenic glial progenitors for both neurons and glial cells. However, radial glia are mostly transient in mammals, and postnatal progenitors appear incapable of endogenous reparation. Contrasting with the situation in mammals, radial glia are maintained in the adult CNS of many anamniote vertebrates, where they contribute to CNS regeneration. Recent studies have focused on how these vertebrates activate progenitor cells, regenerating particular cell types and integrate them into the mature CNS. However, many questions remain unsolved concerning these cellular hierarchies. Among all neurogenic systems in the CNS, the neural retina constitutes an excellent system to study key events regarding constitutive and regenerative neurogenesis because of the presence of high rates of cell proliferation in the adult (from the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) in the peripheral retina and from adult radial glia), and because of the occurrence of reparation processes involving radial glial cells (Müller cells). Most of the investigations examining the presence of adult neurogenesis were focused in tetrapod vertebrates (especially in mammals) and teleost fishes (particularly in zebrafish). With respect to fishes, the fast development of zebrafish, including the retina, as well as the small size of the embryos, might cause some processes to remain unnoticed. Instead, the retina of the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, belonging to the cartilaginous fishes, offers an exceptional model to approach the study of embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Since neurogenesis includes not only proliferation and differentiation processes, but also migration and synaptogenesis that are necessary for the correct function of the CNS, here we have extended the knowledge about neurogenesis using the retina of S. canicula as a model. Chapter 1 includes the study of the distribution pattern of the microtubule associated protein doublecortin (DCX), which is involved in regulating cytoskeletal arrangement during migration processes. This study has allowed us to differentiate three regions within the peripheral retina of the shark: a peripheral CMZ, a middle non-layered CMZ, and a transition zone bordering it. Chapter 2 was aimed to explore DCX immunoreactivity and its co-localization with proliferation and neuronal differentiation markers. We also studied its relation with glial cells and characterized the distribution of DCX-immunoreactive cells in mature areas. Our results suggest that DCX is an early marker of differentiation of specific cells and were compatible with previous suggested roles for DCX in nuclear stabilization and continuous neurite remodeling through late development and adulthood. We additionally suggest that DCX in the adult retina could reflect neuronal plasticity, not found in teleosts. In Chapter 3 we analyzed changes in radial glia during neurogenesis using the retina of S. canicula to study the processes underlying the transition from neuroepithelial cells to radial glial cells, and radial glia differentiation from development to the adulthood. To explore the relationship between radial glia and neurogenesis events in the retina, we analyzed the distribution pattern of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) during the lifespan of S. canicula and explored its localization with respect to other cell markers, including glutamine synthetase (GS), specifically expressed by mature Müller cells. The Appendix contains some preliminary experimental approaches focusing on retinal damage and pupil dilation in this species together with a brief summary of my training stain in the laboratory of the Professor Mike O. Karl in the CRTD (Dresden, Germany).
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2016-05-23
2016
2016-05-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv doctoral thesis
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10347/14779
url http://hdl.handle.net/10347/14779
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
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dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
instname:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
instname_str Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
reponame_str Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
collection Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
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spelling The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous systemSánchez Farías, NuriaMaterias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240105 Desarrollo animalMaterias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240110 Histología animalMaterias::Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2490 Neurociencias::249002 NeuroquímicaDuring the development of the central nervous system (CNS), neurogenesis gives rise to neurons and glia at different times and locations. Identifying progenitor cells from which these neurons and glia derived, is essential to understand the heterogeneity of the different cell types produced and how to use them for CNS repair. One of the most exciting and recent advances in this field has been the recognition of the radial glial cells as neurogenic glial progenitors for both neurons and glial cells. However, radial glia are mostly transient in mammals, and postnatal progenitors appear incapable of endogenous reparation. Contrasting with the situation in mammals, radial glia are maintained in the adult CNS of many anamniote vertebrates, where they contribute to CNS regeneration. Recent studies have focused on how these vertebrates activate progenitor cells, regenerating particular cell types and integrate them into the mature CNS. However, many questions remain unsolved concerning these cellular hierarchies. Among all neurogenic systems in the CNS, the neural retina constitutes an excellent system to study key events regarding constitutive and regenerative neurogenesis because of the presence of high rates of cell proliferation in the adult (from the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) in the peripheral retina and from adult radial glia), and because of the occurrence of reparation processes involving radial glial cells (Müller cells). Most of the investigations examining the presence of adult neurogenesis were focused in tetrapod vertebrates (especially in mammals) and teleost fishes (particularly in zebrafish). With respect to fishes, the fast development of zebrafish, including the retina, as well as the small size of the embryos, might cause some processes to remain unnoticed. Instead, the retina of the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, belonging to the cartilaginous fishes, offers an exceptional model to approach the study of embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Since neurogenesis includes not only proliferation and differentiation processes, but also migration and synaptogenesis that are necessary for the correct function of the CNS, here we have extended the knowledge about neurogenesis using the retina of S. canicula as a model. Chapter 1 includes the study of the distribution pattern of the microtubule associated protein doublecortin (DCX), which is involved in regulating cytoskeletal arrangement during migration processes. This study has allowed us to differentiate three regions within the peripheral retina of the shark: a peripheral CMZ, a middle non-layered CMZ, and a transition zone bordering it. Chapter 2 was aimed to explore DCX immunoreactivity and its co-localization with proliferation and neuronal differentiation markers. We also studied its relation with glial cells and characterized the distribution of DCX-immunoreactive cells in mature areas. Our results suggest that DCX is an early marker of differentiation of specific cells and were compatible with previous suggested roles for DCX in nuclear stabilization and continuous neurite remodeling through late development and adulthood. We additionally suggest that DCX in the adult retina could reflect neuronal plasticity, not found in teleosts. In Chapter 3 we analyzed changes in radial glia during neurogenesis using the retina of S. canicula to study the processes underlying the transition from neuroepithelial cells to radial glial cells, and radial glia differentiation from development to the adulthood. To explore the relationship between radial glia and neurogenesis events in the retina, we analyzed the distribution pattern of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) during the lifespan of S. canicula and explored its localization with respect to other cell markers, including glutamine synthetase (GS), specifically expressed by mature Müller cells. The Appendix contains some preliminary experimental approaches focusing on retinal damage and pupil dilation in this species together with a brief summary of my training stain in the laboratory of the Professor Mike O. Karl in the CRTD (Dresden, Germany).Candal Suárez, Eva MaríaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela. Facultade de Bioloxía. Departamento de Bioloxía Celular e Ecoloxía20162016-05-2320162016-05-23doctoral thesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10347/14779reponame:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostelainstname:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Esta obra atópase baixo unha licenza internacional Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0. Calquera forma de reprodución, distribución, comunicación pública ou transformación desta obra non incluída na licenza Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 só pode ser realizada coa autorización expresa dos titulares, salvo excepción prevista pola lei. Pode acceder Vde. ao texto completo da licenza nesta ligazón: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.glhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.glinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:minerva.usc.gal:10347/147792026-06-15T12:47:27Z
score 15.811543

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