Beta-lactams
Beta-lactam antibiotics are the most popular antibacterial agents used for treating bacterial infections, due to their great activity, broad spectrum, and safety profile. All of them share the beta-lactam ring and because of the particular chemical structure, they are classified into five groups: Pe...
| Autores: | , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | capítulo de libro |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2019 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid |
| Repositorio: | Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/738940 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10486/738940 https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282549.ch3 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | penicillins cephalosporins monobactams carbapenems PBPs betalactamases carbapenemases ceftazidime-avibactam ceftolozane-tazobactam ceftaroline Medicina |
| Sumario: | Beta-lactam antibiotics are the most popular antibacterial agents used for treating bacterial infections, due to their great activity, broad spectrum, and safety profile. All of them share the beta-lactam ring and because of the particular chemical structure, they are classified into five groups: Penicillins (natural and semisynthetic), cephalosporins (first-, second-, third-, fourth-, and fifth-generation), monobactams, carbapenems and the association of a beta-lactam with a beta-lactamase inhibitor (Beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam inhibitors). Carbapenems have a carbon atom instead of a sulfur or an oxygen atom in the bicyclic nucleus and a hydroxyethyl side chain in trans configuration at position 6 and are the widest spectrum antibiotics available among the beta-lactams. Beta-lactams are bactericidal agents that kill bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of the cell wall in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, interacting with PBPs, so the transpeptidation reaction is blockaded, leading to the cell lysis and death. As a consequence of the widespread use of this antibiotics, bacterial resistance is a growing problem in both community and hospital settings. Emergence and dissemination of beta-lactam resistance have renewed interest in the development of novel beta-lactam antibiotics or beta-lactamase inhibitors, and some of them are currently available for multi-resistant bacteria treatment |
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