Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa

North Africa is characterized by its diverse cultural and linguistic groups and its genetic heterogeneity. Genomic data has shown an amalgam of components mixed since pre-Holocean times. Though no differences have been found in uniparental and classical markers between Berbers and Arabs, the two mai...

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Autores: Arauna, Lara R, Mendoza Revilla, Javier, Mas Sandoval, Àlex, 1989-, Izaabel, Hassan, Bekada, Asmahan, Benhamamouch, Soraya, Fadhlaoui-Zid, Karima, Zalloua, Pierre A., Hellenthal, Garrett, Comas, David, 1969-
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/33178
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/33178
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw218
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Population genetics
North Africa
Genome wide SNPs
Berbers
Haplotype
Admixture
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spelling Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North AfricaArauna, Lara RMendoza Revilla, JavierMas Sandoval, Àlex, 1989-Izaabel, HassanBekada, AsmahanBenhamamouch, SorayaFadhlaoui-Zid, KarimaZalloua, Pierre A.Hellenthal, GarrettComas, David, 1969-Population geneticsNorth AfricaGenome wide SNPsBerbersHaplotypeAdmixtureNorth Africa is characterized by its diverse cultural and linguistic groups and its genetic heterogeneity. Genomic data has shown an amalgam of components mixed since pre-Holocean times. Though no differences have been found in uniparental and classical markers between Berbers and Arabs, the two main ethnic groups in the region, the scanty genomic data available have highlighted the singularity of Berbers. We characterize the genetic heterogeneity of North African groups, focusing on the putative differences of Berbers and Arabs, and estimate migration dates. We analyze genome-wide autosomal data in five Berber and six Arab groups, and compare them to Middle Easterns, sub-Saharans, and Europeans. Haplotype-based methods show a lack of correlation between geographical and genetic populations, and a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, without strong differences between Berbers and Arabs. Berbers enclose genetically diverse groups, from isolated endogamous groups with high autochthonous component frequencies, large homozygosity runs and low effective population sizes, to admixed groups with high frequencies of sub-Saharan and Middle Eastern components. Admixture time estimates show a complex pattern of recent historical migrations, with a peak around the 7th century C.E. coincident with the Arabization of the region; sub-Saharan migrations since the 1st century B.C. in agreement with Roman slave trade; and a strong migration in the 17th century C.E., coincident with a huge impact of the trans-Atlantic and trans-Saharan trade of sub-Saharan slaves in the Modern Era. The genetic complexity found should be taken into account when selecting reference groups in population genetics and biomedical studies.This work was supported by the Spanish MINECO grants CGL2013-44351-P and the “María de Maeztu” Program for Units of Excellence in R&D (MDM-2014-0370); and the Generalitat de Catalunya grant 2014SGR866.Oxford University Press201720172017info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/33178http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw218reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésMolecular Biology and Evolution. 2017 Feb 1;34(2):318-29info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/CGL2013-44351-P© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/331782026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
title Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
spellingShingle Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
Arauna, Lara R
Population genetics
North Africa
Genome wide SNPs
Berbers
Haplotype
Admixture
title_short Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
title_full Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
title_fullStr Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
title_full_unstemmed Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
title_sort Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of arabs and berbers in North Africa
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Arauna, Lara R
Mendoza Revilla, Javier
Mas Sandoval, Àlex, 1989-
Izaabel, Hassan
Bekada, Asmahan
Benhamamouch, Soraya
Fadhlaoui-Zid, Karima
Zalloua, Pierre A.
Hellenthal, Garrett
Comas, David, 1969-
author Arauna, Lara R
author_facet Arauna, Lara R
Mendoza Revilla, Javier
Mas Sandoval, Àlex, 1989-
Izaabel, Hassan
Bekada, Asmahan
Benhamamouch, Soraya
Fadhlaoui-Zid, Karima
Zalloua, Pierre A.
Hellenthal, Garrett
Comas, David, 1969-
author_role author
author2 Mendoza Revilla, Javier
Mas Sandoval, Àlex, 1989-
Izaabel, Hassan
Bekada, Asmahan
Benhamamouch, Soraya
Fadhlaoui-Zid, Karima
Zalloua, Pierre A.
Hellenthal, Garrett
Comas, David, 1969-
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Population genetics
North Africa
Genome wide SNPs
Berbers
Haplotype
Admixture
topic Population genetics
North Africa
Genome wide SNPs
Berbers
Haplotype
Admixture
description North Africa is characterized by its diverse cultural and linguistic groups and its genetic heterogeneity. Genomic data has shown an amalgam of components mixed since pre-Holocean times. Though no differences have been found in uniparental and classical markers between Berbers and Arabs, the two main ethnic groups in the region, the scanty genomic data available have highlighted the singularity of Berbers. We characterize the genetic heterogeneity of North African groups, focusing on the putative differences of Berbers and Arabs, and estimate migration dates. We analyze genome-wide autosomal data in five Berber and six Arab groups, and compare them to Middle Easterns, sub-Saharans, and Europeans. Haplotype-based methods show a lack of correlation between geographical and genetic populations, and a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, without strong differences between Berbers and Arabs. Berbers enclose genetically diverse groups, from isolated endogamous groups with high autochthonous component frequencies, large homozygosity runs and low effective population sizes, to admixed groups with high frequencies of sub-Saharan and Middle Eastern components. Admixture time estimates show a complex pattern of recent historical migrations, with a peak around the 7th century C.E. coincident with the Arabization of the region; sub-Saharan migrations since the 1st century B.C. in agreement with Roman slave trade; and a strong migration in the 17th century C.E., coincident with a huge impact of the trans-Atlantic and trans-Saharan trade of sub-Saharan slaves in the Modern Era. The genetic complexity found should be taken into account when selecting reference groups in population genetics and biomedical studies.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2017
2017
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/33178
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw218
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/33178
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw218
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2017 Feb 1;34(2):318-29
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/CGL2013-44351-P
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford University Press
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford University Press
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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