Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.

Doping of calcium phosphates (CaPs) with bioinorganic ions is a widely used strategy to enhance their biological performance in bone regeneration. However, conventional methods for ionic incorporation in CaP scaffolds often require high-temperature treatments or involve multiple complex steps. Here,...

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Autores: Lodoso-Torrecilla I, Moreno D, Ciucci G, Mateu-Sanz M, Yoon JY, Jimenez-Pique E, Franch J, Manzanares MC, Konka J, Espanol M, Ginebra MP
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
Repositorio:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:r-fsjd______::2354a90ab89cc4373bbc0c5868134b1e
Acceso en línea:https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30354
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:3D printing
Biomimetic hydroxyapatite
Bone regeneration
Calcium phosphates
Ion doping
Osteoinduction
Scaffold
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spelling Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.Lodoso-Torrecilla IMoreno DCiucci GMateu-Sanz MYoon JYJimenez-Pique EFranch JManzanares MCKonka JEspanol MGinebra MP3D printingBiomimetic hydroxyapatiteBone regenerationCalcium phosphatesIon dopingOsteoinductionScaffoldDoping of calcium phosphates (CaPs) with bioinorganic ions is a widely used strategy to enhance their biological performance in bone regeneration. However, conventional methods for ionic incorporation in CaP scaffolds often require high-temperature treatments or involve multiple complex steps. Here, we present two simple strategies to dope 3D-printed CaP scaffolds via incorporation of ions into the apatitic phase during the hydrolysis of a-tricalcium phosphate (a-TCP) to calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). In the first strategy, ions were incorporated directly into the printing ink, whereas in the second, undoped robocasted scaffolds were immersed in ionic solutions, allowing ion incorporation into precipitated CDHA during phase transformation. We investigated several ions, including strontium (Sr(2+)), magnesium (Mg(2+)), silicon (SiO(4) (4-)) and gallium (Ga(3+)). Sr(2+) and Ga(3+) were successfully incorporated into the scaffolds, either by direct ink doping (Sr(2+)) or by soaking in ionic solutions (Sr(2+) and Ga(3+)). Direct incorporation of Sr(2+) in the ink resulted in a higher ion loading and release, enhancing bone formation and bone quality, as evidenced by increased mineral-to-matrix ratio and Young's modulus, as well as osteoinductive properties relative to non-doped scaffolds. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time the osteoinductive capacity of Ga(3+) in an ectopic in vivo model.ELSEVIER2026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30354MATERIALS TODAY BIOISSN: 25900064reponame:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déuinstname:Fundació Sant Joan de DéuInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:r-fsjd______::2354a90ab89cc4373bbc0c5868134b1e2026-05-27T12:37:41Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
title Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
spellingShingle Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
Lodoso-Torrecilla I
3D printing
Biomimetic hydroxyapatite
Bone regeneration
Calcium phosphates
Ion doping
Osteoinduction
Scaffold
title_short Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
title_full Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
title_fullStr Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
title_full_unstemmed Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
title_sort Strontium and gallium doping enhances in vivo bone regeneration in biomimetic hydroxyapatite 3D-printed scaffolds.
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Lodoso-Torrecilla I
Moreno D
Ciucci G
Mateu-Sanz M
Yoon JY
Jimenez-Pique E
Franch J
Manzanares MC
Konka J
Espanol M
Ginebra MP
author Lodoso-Torrecilla I
author_facet Lodoso-Torrecilla I
Moreno D
Ciucci G
Mateu-Sanz M
Yoon JY
Jimenez-Pique E
Franch J
Manzanares MC
Konka J
Espanol M
Ginebra MP
author_role author
author2 Moreno D
Ciucci G
Mateu-Sanz M
Yoon JY
Jimenez-Pique E
Franch J
Manzanares MC
Konka J
Espanol M
Ginebra MP
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 3D printing
Biomimetic hydroxyapatite
Bone regeneration
Calcium phosphates
Ion doping
Osteoinduction
Scaffold
topic 3D printing
Biomimetic hydroxyapatite
Bone regeneration
Calcium phosphates
Ion doping
Osteoinduction
Scaffold
description Doping of calcium phosphates (CaPs) with bioinorganic ions is a widely used strategy to enhance their biological performance in bone regeneration. However, conventional methods for ionic incorporation in CaP scaffolds often require high-temperature treatments or involve multiple complex steps. Here, we present two simple strategies to dope 3D-printed CaP scaffolds via incorporation of ions into the apatitic phase during the hydrolysis of a-tricalcium phosphate (a-TCP) to calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). In the first strategy, ions were incorporated directly into the printing ink, whereas in the second, undoped robocasted scaffolds were immersed in ionic solutions, allowing ion incorporation into precipitated CDHA during phase transformation. We investigated several ions, including strontium (Sr(2+)), magnesium (Mg(2+)), silicon (SiO(4) (4-)) and gallium (Ga(3+)). Sr(2+) and Ga(3+) were successfully incorporated into the scaffolds, either by direct ink doping (Sr(2+)) or by soaking in ionic solutions (Sr(2+) and Ga(3+)). Direct incorporation of Sr(2+) in the ink resulted in a higher ion loading and release, enhancing bone formation and bone quality, as evidenced by increased mineral-to-matrix ratio and Young's modulus, as well as osteoinductive properties relative to non-doped scaffolds. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time the osteoinductive capacity of Ga(3+) in an ectopic in vivo model.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30354
url https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30354
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv ELSEVIER
publisher.none.fl_str_mv ELSEVIER
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv MATERIALS TODAY BIO
ISSN: 25900064
reponame:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
instname:Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
instname_str Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
reponame_str r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
collection r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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