Neurologic features in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a prospective cohort in a catalan hospital
Objectives To study the prevalence and timing of neurological manifestations, including cognitive involvement, in patients hospitalized for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To analyze the pathogenic mechanisms and any association they have with disease severity. Methods Longitudinal cohort study...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) |
| Repositorio: | r-I3PT. Repositorio Institucional Producción Científica del Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:i3pt.fundanetsuite.com:p6266 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://i3pt.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/6266 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85218820129&doi=10.1007%2Fs10072-025-08031-y&partnerID=40&md5=95330ae5d11ef55b60989f1dd435cc12 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Neurovirology COVID-19 Clinical neurology Cognitive disorders |
| Sumario: | Objectives To study the prevalence and timing of neurological manifestations, including cognitive involvement, in patients hospitalized for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To analyze the pathogenic mechanisms and any association they have with disease severity. Methods Longitudinal cohort study with prospective follow-up of patients who required hospitalization. Patients under 65 who had no pre-existing cognitive impairment and did not require an ICU stay were evaluated 3 and 12 months after discharge using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Results Of 205 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, 153 (74.6%) presented with neurological manifestations. The most frequent were myalgia (32.7%), headache (31.7%), dysgeusia (29.2%), and anosmia (24.9%). Patients with more severe illness at the time of hospitalization presented fewer neurological manifestations. Of the 62 patients who underwent neuropsychological examination 3 months after discharge, 22.6% had impaired attention, 19.4% impaired working memory, 16.1% impaired learning and retrieval, 9.7% impaired executive functions, and 8.2% impaired processing speed. Patients with anosmia also presented with more headache (OR 5.45; p < 0.001) and greater risk of working memory impairment (OR 5.87; p 0.03). At follow-up 12 months after hospital discharge, 14.3% of patients still showed impaired attention, 2.4% impaired working memory, 2.5% impaired executive functions, and 2.5% impaired processing speed. Discussion Neurological manifestations are common in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 regardless of severity. The high prevalence of anosmia and its association with headache and working memory impairment at 3 months, suggest potential direct or indirect damage to the prefrontal cortex via invasion of the olfactory bulb by COVID-19. |
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