The relationship between retinal layers and brain areas in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of sporadic forms of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory analysis

Background: Two main genetic risks for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a family history and ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E. The brain and retina are part of the central nervous system and share pathophysiological mechanisms in AD. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with 30 participan...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López Cuenca, Inés, Marcos Dolado, Alberto, Yus Fuertes, Miguel, García Martín, Elena Salobrar, Elvira Hurtado, Lorena, Fernández Albarral, José, Salazar Corral, Juan José, Ramírez Sebastián, Ana Isabel, Sánchez-Puebla Fernández, Lidia, Fuentes Ferrer, Manuel Enrique, Barabash Bustelo, Ana, Ramírez Toraño, Federico, Gil Martínez, Lidia, Arrazola García, Juan Lorenzo, Gil Gregorio, Pedro, Hoz Montañana, María Rosa De, Ramírez Sebastián, José Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/71698
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/71698
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:616.894-053.9
611.843:616.9
617.735-073.75
Alzheimer’s disease
Family history
ApoE ɛ4
Retina
OCT
MRI
Brain
Genética médica
Neurociencias (Medicina)
Oftalmología
Anatomía ocular
Técnicas de la imagen
2410.07 Genética Humana
2490 Neurociencias
3201.09 Oftalmología
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Two main genetic risks for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a family history and ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E. The brain and retina are part of the central nervous system and share pathophysiological mechanisms in AD. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with 30 participants without a family history of sporadic AD (FH−) and noncarriers of ApoE ɛ4 (ApoE ɛ4−) as a control group and 34 participants with a family history of sporadic AD (FH+) and carriers of at least one ɛ4 allele (ApoE ɛ4+). We analyzed the correlations between macular volumes of retinal layers and thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with the brain area parameters measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in participants at high genetic risk of developing AD (FH+ ApoE ɛ4+). Results: We observed a significant volume reduction in the FH+ ApoE ɛ4+ group compared with the control group in some macular areas of (i) macular RNFL (mRNFL), (ii) inner plexiform layer (IPL), (iii) inner nuclear layer (INL), and (iv) outer plexiform layer (OPL). Furthermore, in the FH+ ApoE ɛ4+ group, the retinal sectors that showed statistically significant volume decrease correlated with brain areas that are affected in the early stages of AD. In the same group, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) did not show statistically significant changes in thickness compared with the control group. However, correlations of these sectors with the brain areas involved in this disease were also found. Conclusions: In cognitively healthy participants at high genetic risk of developing sporadic forms of AD, there are significant correlations between retinal changes and brain areas closely related to AD such as the entorhinal cortex, the lingual gyrus, and the hippocampus.

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