Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection

We aimed to identify risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection after at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. This is a case-control test-negative design study in hospitalized patients with a severe acute respiratory infection, at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine and a PCR-test for...

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Autores: Otero-Romero, Susana|||0000-0002-6798-568X, Borras Bermejo, Blanca|||0000-0003-4111-5632, Antón Pagarolas, Andrés, 1976-|||0000-0002-1476-0815, Andrés, Cristina|||0000-0002-3200-0895, Tejada-Panduro, Gabriela|||0000-0002-8948-005X, Pinós-Tella, Laia, Carbones, Ingrid, Parés-Badell, Oleguer
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:uabarcelona_::94653405a7a140600a788cebd03d8b21
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/328082
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11773-x
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Risk factors
COVID-19
Breakthrough infection
Vaccines
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spelling Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infectiona case-control test-negative design studyOtero-Romero, Susana|||0000-0002-6798-568XBorras Bermejo, Blanca|||0000-0003-4111-5632Antón Pagarolas, Andrés, 1976-|||0000-0002-1476-0815Andrés, Cristina|||0000-0002-3200-0895Tejada-Panduro, Gabriela|||0000-0002-8948-005XPinós-Tella, LaiaCarbones, IngridParés-Badell, OleguerRisk factorsCOVID-19Breakthrough infectionVaccinesWe aimed to identify risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection after at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. This is a case-control test-negative design study in hospitalized patients with a severe acute respiratory infection, at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine and a PCR-test for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 performed between 1 November 2021 and 28 June 2022. Cases and controls were matched by age and date of test. A logistic regression model with adjusted odds ratios was performed to determine factors related to breakthrough infection. We analyzed 1,340 breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections matched with 4,016 controls. After adjustment, the odds of a breakthrough infection were 64% higher in patients whose last vaccine dose was administered more than 6 months before hospitalization compared to those vaccinated within the previous 6 months (aOR 1.64; CI 95% 1.42-1.88). Moreover, immunosuppression was statistically associated with breakthrough infection (aOR 2.04; CI 95%, 1.58-2.62). The probability of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly higher in hospitalized patients who had received their last vaccine dose more than six months before hospitalization; while immunosuppression was the most important risk factor for breakthrough infection. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-025-11773-x. 22025-01-0120252025-01-01Articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://ddd.uab.cat/record/328082https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11773-xreponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UABinstname:Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:uabarcelona_::94653405a7a140600a788cebd03d8b212026-06-06T12:50:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
a case-control test-negative design study
title Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
spellingShingle Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
Otero-Romero, Susana|||0000-0002-6798-568X
Risk factors
COVID-19
Breakthrough infection
Vaccines
title_short Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
title_full Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
title_fullStr Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
title_sort Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Otero-Romero, Susana|||0000-0002-6798-568X
Borras Bermejo, Blanca|||0000-0003-4111-5632
Antón Pagarolas, Andrés, 1976-|||0000-0002-1476-0815
Andrés, Cristina|||0000-0002-3200-0895
Tejada-Panduro, Gabriela|||0000-0002-8948-005X
Pinós-Tella, Laia
Carbones, Ingrid
Parés-Badell, Oleguer
author Otero-Romero, Susana|||0000-0002-6798-568X
author_facet Otero-Romero, Susana|||0000-0002-6798-568X
Borras Bermejo, Blanca|||0000-0003-4111-5632
Antón Pagarolas, Andrés, 1976-|||0000-0002-1476-0815
Andrés, Cristina|||0000-0002-3200-0895
Tejada-Panduro, Gabriela|||0000-0002-8948-005X
Pinós-Tella, Laia
Carbones, Ingrid
Parés-Badell, Oleguer
author_role author
author2 Borras Bermejo, Blanca|||0000-0003-4111-5632
Antón Pagarolas, Andrés, 1976-|||0000-0002-1476-0815
Andrés, Cristina|||0000-0002-3200-0895
Tejada-Panduro, Gabriela|||0000-0002-8948-005X
Pinós-Tella, Laia
Carbones, Ingrid
Parés-Badell, Oleguer
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Risk factors
COVID-19
Breakthrough infection
Vaccines
topic Risk factors
COVID-19
Breakthrough infection
Vaccines
description We aimed to identify risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection after at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. This is a case-control test-negative design study in hospitalized patients with a severe acute respiratory infection, at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine and a PCR-test for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 performed between 1 November 2021 and 28 June 2022. Cases and controls were matched by age and date of test. A logistic regression model with adjusted odds ratios was performed to determine factors related to breakthrough infection. We analyzed 1,340 breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections matched with 4,016 controls. After adjustment, the odds of a breakthrough infection were 64% higher in patients whose last vaccine dose was administered more than 6 months before hospitalization compared to those vaccinated within the previous 6 months (aOR 1.64; CI 95% 1.42-1.88). Moreover, immunosuppression was statistically associated with breakthrough infection (aOR 2.04; CI 95%, 1.58-2.62). The probability of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly higher in hospitalized patients who had received their last vaccine dose more than six months before hospitalization; while immunosuppression was the most important risk factor for breakthrough infection. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-025-11773-x.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2
2025-01-01
2025
2025-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://ddd.uab.cat/record/328082
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11773-x
url https://ddd.uab.cat/record/328082
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11773-x
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
instname:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
instname_str Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
collection Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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