The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression

Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972-; Mestre-Pintó, Juan Ignacio; Gómez-Gómez, Àlex; Martínez-Sanvisens, Diana; Rodríguez-Minguela, Rocío; Papaseit Fontanet, Esther; Pérez Mañá, Clara; Langohr, Klaus; Valverde Granados, Olga; Pozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975-; Farré Albaladejo, Magí; Neurodep Group

The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression

Major depression disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent psychiatric comorbid condition in cocaine use disorder (CUD). The comorbid MDD might be primary-MDD (CUD-primary-MDD) or cocaine-induced MDD (CUD-induced-MDD), and their accurate diagnoses and treatment is a challenge for improving prognoses. Thi...

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Autores:	Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972-, Mestre-Pintó, Juan Ignacio, Gómez-Gómez, Àlex, Martínez-Sanvisens, Diana, Rodríguez-Minguela, Rocío, Papaseit Fontanet, Esther, Pérez Mañá, Clara, Langohr, Klaus, Valverde Granados, Olga, Pozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975-, Farré Albaladejo, Magí, Neurodep Group
Tipo de recurso:	artículo
Estado:	Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:	2020
País:	España
Institución:	Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:	Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:	oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/48696
Acceso en línea:	http://hdl.handle.net/10230/48696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124103
Access Level:	acceso abierto
Palabra clave:	Cocaine use disorder Kynurenine Primary/substance-induced depression Serotonin Tryptophan

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spelling	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depressionFonseca Casals, Francina, 1972-Mestre-Pintó, Juan IgnacioGómez-Gómez, ÀlexMartínez-Sanvisens, DianaRodríguez-Minguela, RocíoPapaseit Fontanet, EstherPérez Mañá, ClaraLangohr, KlausValverde Granados, OlgaPozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975-Farré Albaladejo, MagíPérez Mañá, ClaraNeurodep GroupCocaine use disorderKynureninePrimary/substance-induced depressionSerotoninTryptophanMajor depression disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent psychiatric comorbid condition in cocaine use disorder (CUD). The comorbid MDD might be primary-MDD (CUD-primary-MDD) or cocaine-induced MDD (CUD-induced-MDD), and their accurate diagnoses and treatment is a challenge for improving prognoses. This study aimed to assess the tryptophan/serotonin (Trp/5-HT) system with the acute tryptophan depletion test (ATD), and the kynurenine pathway in subjects with CUD-primary-MDD, CUD-induced-MDD, MDD and healthy controls. The ATD was performed with a randomized, double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled design. Markers of enzymatic activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase/tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) and kynureninase were also established. Following ATD, we observed a decrease in Trp levels in all groups. Comparison between CUD-induced-MDD and MDD revealed significant differences in 5-HT plasma concentrations (512 + 332 ng/mL vs. 107 + 127 ng/mL, p = 0.039) and the Kyn/5-HT ratio (11 + 15 vs. 112 + 136; p = 0.012), whereas there were no differences between CUD-primary-MDD and MDD. Effect size coefficients show a gradient for all targeted markers (d range 0.72-1.67). Results suggest different pathogenesis for CUD-induced-MDD, with lower participation of the tryptophan system, probably more related to other neurotransmitter pathways and accordingly suggesting the need for a different pharmacological treatment approach.This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III–ISCIII Red de Trastornos Adictivos 2016 (RD16/0017/0010, RD16/0017/0003; Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS) (PI09/02121, PI12/01838, PI14/00178, PI16/00603); National R + D+I and funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) grant Juan Rodes (JR 16/00020); Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad, Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas (PNSD) (2012I054); Suport Grups de Recerca AGAUR-Gencat (2017 SGR 316, 2017 SGR 530); Acció instrumental d’Intensificació de Professionals de la Salut - Facultatius especialistes (PERIS) (SLT006/17/00014); and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MTM2015-64465-C2-1-R). The funding agencies had no role in study design, data collection, interpretation, or had influence on the writing.MDPI202120212020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/48696http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124103reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/MTM2015-64465-C2-1-RCopyright © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/486962026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
title	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
spellingShingle	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972- Cocaine use disorder Kynurenine Primary/substance-induced depression Serotonin Tryptophan
title_short	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
title_full	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
title_fullStr	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
title_full_unstemmed	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
title_sort	The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972- Mestre-Pintó, Juan Ignacio Gómez-Gómez, Àlex Martínez-Sanvisens, Diana Rodríguez-Minguela, Rocío Papaseit Fontanet, Esther Pérez Mañá, Clara Langohr, Klaus Valverde Granados, Olga Pozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975- Farré Albaladejo, Magí Pérez Mañá, Clara Neurodep Group
author	Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972-
author_facet	Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972- Mestre-Pintó, Juan Ignacio Gómez-Gómez, Àlex Martínez-Sanvisens, Diana Rodríguez-Minguela, Rocío Papaseit Fontanet, Esther Pérez Mañá, Clara Langohr, Klaus Valverde Granados, Olga Pozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975- Farré Albaladejo, Magí Neurodep Group
author_role	author
author2	Mestre-Pintó, Juan Ignacio Gómez-Gómez, Àlex Martínez-Sanvisens, Diana Rodríguez-Minguela, Rocío Papaseit Fontanet, Esther Pérez Mañá, Clara Langohr, Klaus Valverde Granados, Olga Pozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975- Farré Albaladejo, Magí Neurodep Group
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author author author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Cocaine use disorder Kynurenine Primary/substance-induced depression Serotonin Tryptophan
topic	Cocaine use disorder Kynurenine Primary/substance-induced depression Serotonin Tryptophan
description	Major depression disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent psychiatric comorbid condition in cocaine use disorder (CUD). The comorbid MDD might be primary-MDD (CUD-primary-MDD) or cocaine-induced MDD (CUD-induced-MDD), and their accurate diagnoses and treatment is a challenge for improving prognoses. This study aimed to assess the tryptophan/serotonin (Trp/5-HT) system with the acute tryptophan depletion test (ATD), and the kynurenine pathway in subjects with CUD-primary-MDD, CUD-induced-MDD, MDD and healthy controls. The ATD was performed with a randomized, double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled design. Markers of enzymatic activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase/tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) and kynureninase were also established. Following ATD, we observed a decrease in Trp levels in all groups. Comparison between CUD-induced-MDD and MDD revealed significant differences in 5-HT plasma concentrations (512 + 332 ng/mL vs. 107 + 127 ng/mL, p = 0.039) and the Kyn/5-HT ratio (11 + 15 vs. 112 + 136; p = 0.012), whereas there were no differences between CUD-primary-MDD and MDD. Effect size coefficients show a gradient for all targeted markers (d range 0.72-1.67). Results suggest different pathogenesis for CUD-induced-MDD, with lower participation of the tryptophan system, probably more related to other neurotransmitter pathways and accordingly suggesting the need for a different pharmacological treatment approach.
publishDate	2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2020 2021 2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format	article
status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/10230/48696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124103
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10230/48696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124103
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv	Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/MTM2015-64465-C2-1-R
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv	application/pdf application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str	Universitat Pompeu Fabra
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The tryptophan system in cocaine-induced depression

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