Distribución actualizada del género Cerambyx Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) en Extremadura: desde los registros históricos al muestreo a escala regional
[EN] The genus Cerambyx (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) includes 13 species with a western Palaearctic distribution, seven present in Europe and four in the Iberian Peninsula, all of them also recorded in Extremadura: C. cerdo Linnaeus, 1758, C. welensii (Küster, 1845), C. miles Bonelli, 1812 and C. scop...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2022 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/279340 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/279340 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Cerambyx cerdo Cerambyx welensii Cerambyx miles Cerambyx scopolii Quercus chorology Open woodland Host tree Habitats directive |
| Sumario: | [EN] The genus Cerambyx (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) includes 13 species with a western Palaearctic distribution, seven present in Europe and four in the Iberian Peninsula, all of them also recorded in Extremadura: C. cerdo Linnaeus, 1758, C. welensii (Küster, 1845), C. miles Bonelli, 1812 and C. scopolii Fuessly, 1775. Larvae are primary xylophagous, tunnelling the living wood of healthy or decayed trees. Like other cerambycids, they are included in the diverse assemblage of saproxylic insects, a functional group essential in wood degradation and biodiversity enhancement. They have also been reported as pests, being able to cause significant physiological, mechanical and structural damages. The impact of xylophagous on oaks in Extremadura has increased alarmingly in recent decades. Damages have usually been attributed to C. welensii, but accumulated evidence shows that this statu quo is unrealistic, and that C. cerdo is also involved in oak decline. The scarce chorological information available prevents risk analysis of the potential impact of these species, being necessary a detailed knowledge of their regional distribution. Thus, 1826 feeding traps (Regional Sampling Network) were placed throughout Extremadura over five years (2017-2021) during May-August in holm oak, cork oak and pyrenean oak woodlands. Traps covered 437 10 × 10 km UTM squares representing an equivalent sampled area of 40,430 km2 (97% of Extremadura). Trap records were completed with other unpublished and bibliographic records. The data showed: 1) that records prior to 1980s were occasional, 2) that C. miles and C. scopolii are rare and localized species,3) that C. welensii is a ubiquitous species, consistent with its pest status, 4 ) that C. cerdo exhibits a widespread and often abundant distribution, and 5) that distribution and population sizes depended on host tree, highlighting that C. welensii was almost 5 times more abundant than C. cerdo in cork oak, and that C. cerdo was 3-4 times more abundant in holm oak than in cork oak or pyrenean oak. Results indicate that damage by large xylophagous in Extremadura oak open woodlands is caused by both C. welensii and C. cerdo, refute that C. cerdo is a rare and threatened species in the region, and suggest that the Habitats Directive requires an urgent reappraisal in order to eliminate or mitigate the conflict of interests between the protection of C. cerdo and that of the dehesa ecosystem in Extremadura. |
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