Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study

Background: Percutaneous electrolysis (PE) is an emerging therapeutic approach for tendinopathies, applying a galvanic current through a dry-needling needle to induce regenerative tissue responses. However, current dosing strategies are often empirical and lack objective physiological feedback. Obje...

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Autores: Malo Urriés, Miguel, Rodríguez-Sanz, Jacobo, Borrella Andrés, Sergio, Albarova-Corral, Isabel, Martínez-Zamorano, Juan Carlos, López-de-Celis, Carlos
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:20.500.12328/5145
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12328/5145
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134772
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Percutaneous electrolysis
Dosage
Quantitave ultrasound
Echogenic response
Galvanic current
Cadaveric tendon
Electrólisis percutánea
Dosificación
Ecografía cuantitativa
Respuesta ecogénica
Corriente galvánica
Tendón cadavérico
Electròlisi percutània
Dosatge
Ecografia quantitativa
Resposta ecogènica
Corrent galvànic
Tendó cadavèric
616.7
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spelling Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric StudyMalo Urriés, MiguelRodríguez-Sanz, JacoboBorrella Andrés, SergioAlbarova-Corral, IsabelMartínez-Zamorano, Juan CarlosLópez-de-Celis, CarlosPercutaneous electrolysisDosageQuantitave ultrasoundEchogenic responseGalvanic currentCadaveric tendonElectrólisis percutáneaDosificaciónEcografía cuantitativaRespuesta ecogénicaCorriente galvánicaTendón cadavéricoElectròlisi percutàniaDosatgeEcografia quantitativaResposta ecogènicaCorrent galvànicTendó cadavèric616.7Background: Percutaneous electrolysis (PE) is an emerging therapeutic approach for tendinopathies, applying a galvanic current through a dry-needling needle to induce regenerative tissue responses. However, current dosing strategies are often empirical and lack objective physiological feedback. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the echogenic effects of different galvanic current intensities on cadaveric tendon tissue using quantitative ultrasound. Methods: An ex vivo study was conducted on 29 cadaveric patellar tendon samples, each exposed to a single intensity (0–10 mA for 1 s). Quantitative ultrasound analysis was performed post-intervention, and echogenic variables were extracted using UZ eDosifier software. A composite variable, Electrolysis_UZ_Dose, was created via multiple regression to capture the overall ultrasound-visible changes. Data were analyzed using correlation, regression models, and dose–range comparisons. Results: An intensity-dependent response was observed in key echogenic parameters. Minimal changes occurred at low intensities (0–2 mA), whereas a progressive response emerged between 2 and 6 mA. Beyond 6 mA, a plateau effect suggested either tissue saturation or imaging limitations due to gasinduced acoustic shadowing. The Electrolysis_UZ_Dose variable strongly correlated with applied intensity (R2 = 0.732). Conclusions: This study suggests an intensity-dependent echogenic effect of PE on tendon tissue in key ultrasound-derived parameters (A_Number, A_Area, A_Perimeter, A_Homogeneity, and A_ASM). However, as this study was conducted under experimental conditions with a single 1 s application per sample, the results should not be extrapolated to clinical practice without further validation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionMDPI2025info:eu-repo/semantics/article14http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12328/5145https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134772reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésJournal of Clinical Medicine14© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:20.500.12328/51452026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
title Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
spellingShingle Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
Malo Urriés, Miguel
Percutaneous electrolysis
Dosage
Quantitave ultrasound
Echogenic response
Galvanic current
Cadaveric tendon
Electrólisis percutánea
Dosificación
Ecografía cuantitativa
Respuesta ecogénica
Corriente galvánica
Tendón cadavérico
Electròlisi percutània
Dosatge
Ecografia quantitativa
Resposta ecogènica
Corrent galvànic
Tendó cadavèric
616.7
title_short Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
title_full Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
title_fullStr Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
title_full_unstemmed Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
title_sort Exploring Intensity-Dependent Echogenic Response to Percutaneous Electrolysis in Tendon Tissue: A Cadaveric Study
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Malo Urriés, Miguel
Rodríguez-Sanz, Jacobo
Borrella Andrés, Sergio
Albarova-Corral, Isabel
Martínez-Zamorano, Juan Carlos
López-de-Celis, Carlos
author Malo Urriés, Miguel
author_facet Malo Urriés, Miguel
Rodríguez-Sanz, Jacobo
Borrella Andrés, Sergio
Albarova-Corral, Isabel
Martínez-Zamorano, Juan Carlos
López-de-Celis, Carlos
author_role author
author2 Rodríguez-Sanz, Jacobo
Borrella Andrés, Sergio
Albarova-Corral, Isabel
Martínez-Zamorano, Juan Carlos
López-de-Celis, Carlos
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Percutaneous electrolysis
Dosage
Quantitave ultrasound
Echogenic response
Galvanic current
Cadaveric tendon
Electrólisis percutánea
Dosificación
Ecografía cuantitativa
Respuesta ecogénica
Corriente galvánica
Tendón cadavérico
Electròlisi percutània
Dosatge
Ecografia quantitativa
Resposta ecogènica
Corrent galvànic
Tendó cadavèric
616.7
topic Percutaneous electrolysis
Dosage
Quantitave ultrasound
Echogenic response
Galvanic current
Cadaveric tendon
Electrólisis percutánea
Dosificación
Ecografía cuantitativa
Respuesta ecogénica
Corriente galvánica
Tendón cadavérico
Electròlisi percutània
Dosatge
Ecografia quantitativa
Resposta ecogènica
Corrent galvànic
Tendó cadavèric
616.7
description Background: Percutaneous electrolysis (PE) is an emerging therapeutic approach for tendinopathies, applying a galvanic current through a dry-needling needle to induce regenerative tissue responses. However, current dosing strategies are often empirical and lack objective physiological feedback. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the echogenic effects of different galvanic current intensities on cadaveric tendon tissue using quantitative ultrasound. Methods: An ex vivo study was conducted on 29 cadaveric patellar tendon samples, each exposed to a single intensity (0–10 mA for 1 s). Quantitative ultrasound analysis was performed post-intervention, and echogenic variables were extracted using UZ eDosifier software. A composite variable, Electrolysis_UZ_Dose, was created via multiple regression to capture the overall ultrasound-visible changes. Data were analyzed using correlation, regression models, and dose–range comparisons. Results: An intensity-dependent response was observed in key echogenic parameters. Minimal changes occurred at low intensities (0–2 mA), whereas a progressive response emerged between 2 and 6 mA. Beyond 6 mA, a plateau effect suggested either tissue saturation or imaging limitations due to gasinduced acoustic shadowing. The Electrolysis_UZ_Dose variable strongly correlated with applied intensity (R2 = 0.732). Conclusions: This study suggests an intensity-dependent echogenic effect of PE on tendon tissue in key ultrasound-derived parameters (A_Number, A_Area, A_Perimeter, A_Homogeneity, and A_ASM). However, as this study was conducted under experimental conditions with a single 1 s application per sample, the results should not be extrapolated to clinical practice without further validation.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12328/5145
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134772
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12328/5145
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134772
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal of Clinical Medicine
14
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 14
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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