Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery

This study introduces a single-step method to synthesize guar gum-based interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels, achieving simultaneous Diels–Alder crosslinking and amoxicillin (AMOX) encapsulation under mild conditions. To evaluate the influence of porogen addition on IPN structure, drug l...

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Autores: Díaz Carrasco, Fátima, Paz Báñez, María Violante de, Katavić, Matea, García Pulido, Estefanía, Santos Medina, Álvaro, Muíña Ramil, Lucía, García Martín, María de Gracia, Benito Hernández, Elena María
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/179764
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/179764
https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11100785
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Guar gum hydrogel
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)
Diels–Alder crosslinking
One-pot synthesis
porosity modulation
PEG porogen
Sucrose porogen
Gastroretentive drug delivery systems
GRDDS
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spelling Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin DeliveryDíaz Carrasco, FátimaPaz Báñez, María Violante deKatavić, MateaGarcía Pulido, EstefaníaSantos Medina, ÁlvaroMuíña Ramil, LucíaGarcía Martín, María de GraciaBenito Hernández, Elena MaríaGuar gum hydrogelInterpenetrating polymer network (IPN)Diels–Alder crosslinkingOne-pot synthesisporosity modulationPEG porogenSucrose porogenGastroretentive drug delivery systemsGRDDSThis study introduces a single-step method to synthesize guar gum-based interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels, achieving simultaneous Diels–Alder crosslinking and amoxicillin (AMOX) encapsulation under mild conditions. To evaluate the influence of porogen addition on IPN structure, drug loading and release, twenty-one formulations were developed, including AMOX loading (25% or 40% w/w relative to the polymer) and biocompatible porogens incorporation [polyethylene glycol (PEG) or sucrose at 5%, 10%, or 50% w/w]. All crosslinked IPN hydrogels formed robust gels, unlike non-crosslinked controls. Porogen choice strongly influenced hydrogel performance: PEG quadrupled the swelling index while enhancing storage modulus (up to 10,054 Pa) and complex viscosity (up to 1302 Pa·s), whereas high sucrose concentrations produced soft, ductile networks with critical strains above 20% and swelling indices up to 1895%. All hydrogels released AMOX at levels above MIC50 for H. pylori. PEG-based IPN provided superior drug delivery profiles, with extended AMOX release (t50 up to 15.5 h at pH 5.0), while sucrose-rich matrices exhibited faster burst release and disintegration. Single-step (pre-loading) AMOX during synthesis improved release control compared to post-loading. These findings highlight the potential of one-pot IPN synthesis with porogen modulation offering a promising gastroretentive platforms for sustained AMOX delivery against H. pylori.Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)Química Orgánica y FarmacéuticaMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). EspañaJunta de Andalucía2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/179764https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11100785reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésGels, 11 (10), 785.PID2020-115916GB-I00US-1380587785info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1797642026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
title Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
spellingShingle Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
Díaz Carrasco, Fátima
Guar gum hydrogel
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)
Diels–Alder crosslinking
One-pot synthesis
porosity modulation
PEG porogen
Sucrose porogen
Gastroretentive drug delivery systems
GRDDS
title_short Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
title_full Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
title_fullStr Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
title_full_unstemmed Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
title_sort Engineering Robust, Porous Guar Gum Hydrogels by One-Step Mild Synthesis: Impact of Porogen Choice on Rheology and Sustained Gastroretentive Amoxicillin Delivery
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Díaz Carrasco, Fátima
Paz Báñez, María Violante de
Katavić, Matea
García Pulido, Estefanía
Santos Medina, Álvaro
Muíña Ramil, Lucía
García Martín, María de Gracia
Benito Hernández, Elena María
author Díaz Carrasco, Fátima
author_facet Díaz Carrasco, Fátima
Paz Báñez, María Violante de
Katavić, Matea
García Pulido, Estefanía
Santos Medina, Álvaro
Muíña Ramil, Lucía
García Martín, María de Gracia
Benito Hernández, Elena María
author_role author
author2 Paz Báñez, María Violante de
Katavić, Matea
García Pulido, Estefanía
Santos Medina, Álvaro
Muíña Ramil, Lucía
García Martín, María de Gracia
Benito Hernández, Elena María
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España
Junta de Andalucía
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Guar gum hydrogel
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)
Diels–Alder crosslinking
One-pot synthesis
porosity modulation
PEG porogen
Sucrose porogen
Gastroretentive drug delivery systems
GRDDS
topic Guar gum hydrogel
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)
Diels–Alder crosslinking
One-pot synthesis
porosity modulation
PEG porogen
Sucrose porogen
Gastroretentive drug delivery systems
GRDDS
description This study introduces a single-step method to synthesize guar gum-based interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels, achieving simultaneous Diels–Alder crosslinking and amoxicillin (AMOX) encapsulation under mild conditions. To evaluate the influence of porogen addition on IPN structure, drug loading and release, twenty-one formulations were developed, including AMOX loading (25% or 40% w/w relative to the polymer) and biocompatible porogens incorporation [polyethylene glycol (PEG) or sucrose at 5%, 10%, or 50% w/w]. All crosslinked IPN hydrogels formed robust gels, unlike non-crosslinked controls. Porogen choice strongly influenced hydrogel performance: PEG quadrupled the swelling index while enhancing storage modulus (up to 10,054 Pa) and complex viscosity (up to 1302 Pa·s), whereas high sucrose concentrations produced soft, ductile networks with critical strains above 20% and swelling indices up to 1895%. All hydrogels released AMOX at levels above MIC50 for H. pylori. PEG-based IPN provided superior drug delivery profiles, with extended AMOX release (t50 up to 15.5 h at pH 5.0), while sucrose-rich matrices exhibited faster burst release and disintegration. Single-step (pre-loading) AMOX during synthesis improved release control compared to post-loading. These findings highlight the potential of one-pot IPN synthesis with porogen modulation offering a promising gastroretentive platforms for sustained AMOX delivery against H. pylori.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/179764
https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11100785
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/179764
https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11100785
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Gels, 11 (10), 785.
PID2020-115916GB-I00
US-1380587
785
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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