Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease

Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals which also entails intestinal dysbiosis. This hallmark microbial imbalance provides a rationale for exploring interventions that could modulate the gut ecosystem. Cocoa is...

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Autores: Girbal, Marina, Rodríguez Lagunas, María José, Rodríguez-Banqueri, Arturo, Eckhard, Ulrich, Gomis Rüth, F. Xavier, Franch, Aina, Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/227621
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/227621
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Cacau
Malaltia celíaca
Polifenols
Cocoa
Celiac disease
Polyphenols
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spelling Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac DiseaseGirbal, MarinaRodríguez Lagunas, María JoséRodríguez-Banqueri, ArturoEckhard, UlrichGomis Rüth, F. XavierFranch, AinaPérez-Cano, Francisco J.CacauMalaltia celíacaPolifenolsCocoaCeliac diseasePolyphenolsCeliac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals which also entails intestinal dysbiosis. This hallmark microbial imbalance provides a rationale for exploring interventions that could modulate the gut ecosystem. Cocoa is a bioactive food rich in polyphenols, theobromine, and fiber, compounds known to have an influence on both immune function and gut microbiota composition. Here, we investigated the effects of cocoa supplementation on the gut microbial profile and predicted functionality in DQ8-Dd-villin-IL-15tg mice, genetically predisposed to CeD. Animals were assigned to a reference group receiving a gluten-free diet (GFD), a gluten-containing diet group (GLI), or the latter supplemented with defatted cocoa (GLI + COCOA) for 25 days. The cecal microbiota was analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing, and functional pathways were inferred using PICRUSt2. Goblet cell counts and CeD-relevant autoantibodies were measured and correlated with microbial taxa. Cocoa supplementation partially attenuated gluten-induced dysbiosis, preserving beneficial taxa such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus species while reducing opportunistic and pro-inflammatory bacteria. Functional predictions suggested differences in the predicted microbial metabolic potential related to amino acid, vitamin, and phenolic compound metabolism. Cocoa also mitigated goblet cell loss and was inversely associated with anti-gliadin IgA levels. These findings suggest that cocoa, as an adjuvant to a GFD, could be of help in maintaining microbial homeostasis and intestinal health in CeD, supporting further studies to assess its translational potential.MDPI2026202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion25 p.application/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/227621Articles publicats en revistes (Bioquímica i Fisiologia)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a:Foods, 2026, vol. 15, num.2, p. 370cc-by (c) Girbal-González M et al., 2026http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/2276212026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
title Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
spellingShingle Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
Girbal, Marina
Cacau
Malaltia celíaca
Polifenols
Cocoa
Celiac disease
Polyphenols
title_short Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
title_full Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
title_fullStr Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
title_full_unstemmed Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
title_sort Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Girbal, Marina
Rodríguez Lagunas, María José
Rodríguez-Banqueri, Arturo
Eckhard, Ulrich
Gomis Rüth, F. Xavier
Franch, Aina
Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.
author Girbal, Marina
author_facet Girbal, Marina
Rodríguez Lagunas, María José
Rodríguez-Banqueri, Arturo
Eckhard, Ulrich
Gomis Rüth, F. Xavier
Franch, Aina
Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.
author_role author
author2 Rodríguez Lagunas, María José
Rodríguez-Banqueri, Arturo
Eckhard, Ulrich
Gomis Rüth, F. Xavier
Franch, Aina
Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Cacau
Malaltia celíaca
Polifenols
Cocoa
Celiac disease
Polyphenols
topic Cacau
Malaltia celíaca
Polifenols
Cocoa
Celiac disease
Polyphenols
description Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals which also entails intestinal dysbiosis. This hallmark microbial imbalance provides a rationale for exploring interventions that could modulate the gut ecosystem. Cocoa is a bioactive food rich in polyphenols, theobromine, and fiber, compounds known to have an influence on both immune function and gut microbiota composition. Here, we investigated the effects of cocoa supplementation on the gut microbial profile and predicted functionality in DQ8-Dd-villin-IL-15tg mice, genetically predisposed to CeD. Animals were assigned to a reference group receiving a gluten-free diet (GFD), a gluten-containing diet group (GLI), or the latter supplemented with defatted cocoa (GLI + COCOA) for 25 days. The cecal microbiota was analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing, and functional pathways were inferred using PICRUSt2. Goblet cell counts and CeD-relevant autoantibodies were measured and correlated with microbial taxa. Cocoa supplementation partially attenuated gluten-induced dysbiosis, preserving beneficial taxa such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus species while reducing opportunistic and pro-inflammatory bacteria. Functional predictions suggested differences in the predicted microbial metabolic potential related to amino acid, vitamin, and phenolic compound metabolism. Cocoa also mitigated goblet cell loss and was inversely associated with anti-gliadin IgA levels. These findings suggest that cocoa, as an adjuvant to a GFD, could be of help in maintaining microbial homeostasis and intestinal health in CeD, supporting further studies to assess its translational potential.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/227621
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/227621
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a:
Foods, 2026, vol. 15, num.2, p. 370
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Girbal-González M et al., 2026
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Girbal-González M et al., 2026
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 25 p.
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Bioquímica i Fisiologia)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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