Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks
This PhD thesis is in the scope of experimental quantum communication. It deals with correlated photon pairs of which one photon is stored in a solid state device, while the other photon is at telecom wavelength. Quantum correlation between a photon at telecom wavelength and a photon stored in a qua...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2016 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/106288 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/106288 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-106288 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Quàntums, Teoria dels Detectors òptics Telecomunicació, Sistemes de Fotònica Òptica quàntica Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física |
| id |
ES_ba2cb1d1a5595020d2db07fda93c4e3d |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/106288 |
| network_acronym_str |
ES |
| network_name_str |
España |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| title |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| spellingShingle |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks Rieländer, Daniel Quàntums, Teoria dels Detectors òptics Telecomunicació, Sistemes de Fotònica Òptica quàntica Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física |
| title_short |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| title_full |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| title_fullStr |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| title_sort |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networks |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Rieländer, Daniel |
| author |
Rieländer, Daniel |
| author_facet |
Rieländer, Daniel |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
De Riedmatten, Hugues |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Quàntums, Teoria dels Detectors òptics Telecomunicació, Sistemes de Fotònica Òptica quàntica Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física |
| topic |
Quàntums, Teoria dels Detectors òptics Telecomunicació, Sistemes de Fotònica Òptica quàntica Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física |
| description |
This PhD thesis is in the scope of experimental quantum communication. It deals with correlated photon pairs of which one photon is stored in a solid state device, while the other photon is at telecom wavelength. Quantum correlation between a photon at telecom wavelength and a photon stored in a quantum memory is an important resource for future applications like quantum repeaters, allowing the transmission quantum states over long distances. During the first part of this thesis, a novel photon pair source has been developed, based on spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) inside a bow-tie cavity. SPDC is a non-linear process which splits a pump photon sporadically into two correlated photons, called signal and idler photon. The source used in this work has been designed to be compatible with a solid state quantum memory based on a Praseodymium doped crystal, using the atomic frequency comp (AFC) protocol. This material has shown promising properties for classical light storage. However, it features a small storage bandwidth of 4 MHz at 606 nm, which sets stringent requirements for the photons to be stored. To match these requirements the SPDC process takes place inside a bowtie cavity which is resonant with the created signal and idler photons. The difference between storage wavelength and telecom wavelength (1436 nm in our case) leads to widely non-degenerate photon pairs. These double resonance leads to a strong clustering effect, which suppresses a high number of redundant spectral modes. The created photon spectrum is investigated carefully and consists of three clusters with few well separated modes. The width of each mode is around 2 MHz and matches the requirement for the quantum memory. Single mode operation was achieved by placing an additional Fabry-Perot cavity in the idler field at 1436 nm. This resulted in the demonstration of the narrowest photon pairs consisting of a spectral single mode, created by SPDC to date. In the second part of the thesis, heralded single photons at 606 nm were created by the detection of a photon at 1436 nm. These heralded photons were then stored as collective optical excitations in a praseodymium crystal, using the AFC scheme. Non-classical correlation between the heralding photon and the stored and retrieved photons were observed for storage time up to 4 µs, 20 times longer than achieved in previous solid state quantum memory experiments. Further development on the source, led to improved results, including an increase of coincidence count rate by one order of magnitude and a heralding efficiency of 28 %. The single photon nature of the heralded photon was also measured directly by showing strong antibunching of the 606 nm signal field. These improvements made the created photons compatible with the storage in the spin state of the praseodymium level scheme, using the full AFC protocol. That enabled an extended storage time of 11 µs with on demand readout of the stored photon. The last part of the thesis explores another important resource for the distribution of quantum states with a quantum repeater, entanglement between the created photon pairs. Here we show a rather new approach of entanglement, which is well suited for narrow band photons based on frequency bins. We take advantage of the fact that the source naturally creates several energy correlated well separated frequency modes. In order to show the coherent superposition of the frequency modes, we use electro-optical modulators to coherently mix them. We could show high-visibility two-photon interference fringes, a strong indicator for entanglement in the frequency domain. The results presented in this thesis open the door for the demonstration of entanglement between a solid-state spin-wave quantum memory and a photon at telecom wavelength. This represents an important step for the realization of quantum repeaters using solid state resources. |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016 2016-11-24 2017 2017-07-10 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
doctoral thesis http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 VoR http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| format |
doctoralThesis |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/2117/106288 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-106288 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/2117/106288 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-106288 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés eng |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language |
eng |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| instname_str |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| reponame_str |
UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| collection |
UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
|
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
| _version_ |
1869417835979079680 |
| spelling |
Quantum light source compatible with solid-state quantum memories and telecom networksRieländer, DanielQuàntums, Teoria delsDetectors òpticsTelecomunicació, Sistemes deFotònicaÒptica quànticaÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::FísicaThis PhD thesis is in the scope of experimental quantum communication. It deals with correlated photon pairs of which one photon is stored in a solid state device, while the other photon is at telecom wavelength. Quantum correlation between a photon at telecom wavelength and a photon stored in a quantum memory is an important resource for future applications like quantum repeaters, allowing the transmission quantum states over long distances. During the first part of this thesis, a novel photon pair source has been developed, based on spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) inside a bow-tie cavity. SPDC is a non-linear process which splits a pump photon sporadically into two correlated photons, called signal and idler photon. The source used in this work has been designed to be compatible with a solid state quantum memory based on a Praseodymium doped crystal, using the atomic frequency comp (AFC) protocol. This material has shown promising properties for classical light storage. However, it features a small storage bandwidth of 4 MHz at 606 nm, which sets stringent requirements for the photons to be stored. To match these requirements the SPDC process takes place inside a bowtie cavity which is resonant with the created signal and idler photons. The difference between storage wavelength and telecom wavelength (1436 nm in our case) leads to widely non-degenerate photon pairs. These double resonance leads to a strong clustering effect, which suppresses a high number of redundant spectral modes. The created photon spectrum is investigated carefully and consists of three clusters with few well separated modes. The width of each mode is around 2 MHz and matches the requirement for the quantum memory. Single mode operation was achieved by placing an additional Fabry-Perot cavity in the idler field at 1436 nm. This resulted in the demonstration of the narrowest photon pairs consisting of a spectral single mode, created by SPDC to date. In the second part of the thesis, heralded single photons at 606 nm were created by the detection of a photon at 1436 nm. These heralded photons were then stored as collective optical excitations in a praseodymium crystal, using the AFC scheme. Non-classical correlation between the heralding photon and the stored and retrieved photons were observed for storage time up to 4 µs, 20 times longer than achieved in previous solid state quantum memory experiments. Further development on the source, led to improved results, including an increase of coincidence count rate by one order of magnitude and a heralding efficiency of 28 %. The single photon nature of the heralded photon was also measured directly by showing strong antibunching of the 606 nm signal field. These improvements made the created photons compatible with the storage in the spin state of the praseodymium level scheme, using the full AFC protocol. That enabled an extended storage time of 11 µs with on demand readout of the stored photon. The last part of the thesis explores another important resource for the distribution of quantum states with a quantum repeater, entanglement between the created photon pairs. Here we show a rather new approach of entanglement, which is well suited for narrow band photons based on frequency bins. We take advantage of the fact that the source naturally creates several energy correlated well separated frequency modes. In order to show the coherent superposition of the frequency modes, we use electro-optical modulators to coherently mix them. We could show high-visibility two-photon interference fringes, a strong indicator for entanglement in the frequency domain. The results presented in this thesis open the door for the demonstration of entanglement between a solid-state spin-wave quantum memory and a photon at telecom wavelength. This represents an important step for the realization of quantum repeaters using solid state resources.Esta Tesis doctoral se encuentra en el área de la comunicación cuántica experimental. Trata de pares de fotones de los cuales uno está almacenado en una memoria cuántica de estado sólido y su pareja es compatible con redes telecom. Las correlaciones cuánticas entre un fotón telecom y un fotón almacenado en una memoria cuántica son un recurso importante para aplicaciones del futuro como un repetidor cuántico, que permite la transmisión de un estado cuántico hacia distancias largas. Durante la primer parte de la tesis, se ha desarrollado una fuente de fotones nueva basada en la conversión paramétrica espontanea (SPDC). SPDC es un proceso no lineal que divide esporádicamente un fotón de alta frecuencia en dos fotones correlacionados de baja frecuencia dentro de un rango de varios centenares de GHz, llamados fotones signal y idler. La fuente es compatible con una memoria cuántica de estado sólido basada en un cristal dopado con iones de praseodimio, usando el protocolo de pinta de frecuencias atómica (AFC). Este material ha demostrado propiedades extraordinarias para el almacenamiento de luz coherente. Sin embargo, ofrece un ancho de banda muy limitado de 4 MHz alrededor de una longitud de onda de 606 nm para el almacenamiento. Esto pone requisitos rigurosos a los fotones creados. Para cumplir con estos requisitos el proceso de SPDC se encuentra dentro de una cavidad de configuración ¿bow-tie¿. La cavidad es resonante con los fotones de signal y los de idler, que tienen longitudes de onda diferentes, que induce pares de fotones extensamente no-degenerados. Esta resonancia doble induce un fuerte efecto de agrupación de modos espectrales, que evita un gran número de modos redundantes. El espectro de los fotones creados se ha investigado detenidamente y contiene tres grupos con pocos modos espectrales. La anchura de cada modo es 2 MHz y cumple con los requisitos de la memoria cuántica. El filtraje de un modo único se realiza con una cavidad de Fabry-Perot adicional. El resultado es la demonstración de los pares de fotones más estrechos en un modo espectral individual creados por SPDC. En la segunda parte de la tesis se crean fotones individuales de 606nm anunciados por la detección de un fotón de 1436 nm. Estos fotones anunciados se almacenan como excitación colectiva óptica en un cristal de praseodimio usando el protocolo de AFC. Correlaciones no-clásicas entre el fotón almacenado y el fotón anunciante se observan hasta una duración de almacenado de 4 µs, 20 veces más largo que lo conseguido en experimentos previos con una memoria cuántica de estado sólido. Con el desarrollo posterior de la fuente se logró una tasa de coincidencia un orden de magnitud más alta y una eficiencia de anunciado del 28 %. La naturaleza del fotón individual anunciado se demostró por medido del "antibunching" del campo signal. Estos avances hicieron que los fotones creados fueran compatibles con el almacenamiento en el estado de spin del cristal de praseodimio usando el protocolo completo de AFC. Esto permitió que la duración de almacenamiento fuera extendida a 11 µs y también una lectura en demanda. La última parte de la tesis explora entrelazamiento en frecuencia entre los pares de fotones creados. Es un tipo de entrelazamiento, aún poco investigado, basado en los modos espectrales, que es muy conveniente para los fotones de banda estrecha. Tomamos la ventaja de que la fuente crea varios modos de frecuencias separados y correlacionados en energía. Para demonstrar una superposición coherente de los modos de frecuencia usamos moduladores electro-ópticos para mezclarlos coherentemente. Demostramos franjas de interferencia entre dos fotones con una alta visibilidad, un fuerte indicador del entrelazamiento en frecuencia.Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaDe Riedmatten, Hugues20162016-11-2420172017-07-10doctoral thesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/106288https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-106288reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/1062882026-05-27T15:37:01Z |
| score |
15.300719 |