Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub

In dioecious plants, females often prioritize reproduction over growth, potentially investing more in defence, while males grow faster but allocate fewer resources to defence, making them more susceptible to herbivory. Recent studies challenge this view, showing that males may grow more slowly and s...

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Autores: Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Calvo, Gemma, Rigueiro, Cristina, Lago-Núñez, Beatriz, Jordano, Pedro, Moreira Tomé, Xoaquín
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/416634
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/416634
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105016110148
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Pistacia lentiscus
Doñana National Park
Dioecious
insect herbivory
Phenolic compounds
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
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spelling Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrubValdés-Correcher, ElenaCalvo, GemmaRigueiro, CristinaLago-Núñez, BeatrizJordano, PedroMoreira Tomé, XoaquínPistacia lentiscusDoñana National ParkDioeciousinsect herbivoryPhenolic compoundshttp://metadata.un.org/sdg/15Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity lossIn dioecious plants, females often prioritize reproduction over growth, potentially investing more in defence, while males grow faster but allocate fewer resources to defence, making them more susceptible to herbivory. Recent studies challenge this view, showing that males may grow more slowly and sometimes invest equally or more in defence. Variability in sex-specific herbivory and defence strategies may stem from seasonal shifts in resource allocation, with females prioritizing growth early in the season and reproduction later. These changes complicate herbivory patterns, necessitating research that considers temporally dynamic factors. This study investigated plant sex influence on herbivory and defence mechanisms in Pistacia lentiscus over the course of a year in Doñana National Park. We assessed insect herbivory and leaf traits linked to herbivore resistance, including phenolic compounds and specific leaf area (SLA), in 100 P. lentiscus plants (53 female, 47 male) at two sites during early and late seasons. Herbivory was higher in males than females and increased late in the season. A significant interaction between plant sex and season revealed that males experienced more herbivory late in the season, while there was no significant difference in the early season. Leaf phenolic concentration and SLA were higher early in the season, but these traits were not influenced by plant sex or the interaction between plant sex and season. Moreover, plant sex and season effects on herbivory remained significant even after controlling for leaf phenolics and SLA as covariates, indicating that these traits do not fully explain the observed differences in herbivory across sexes and seasons. Overall, our findings highlight the complex interplay between seasonality and plant sex in shaping herbivory and defence strategies, emphasizing the need to consider temporal dynamics when studying plant-herbivore interactions in dioecious species.X.M. was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2022-141761OB-I00 and EUR2023-143463 projects). EVC was supported by a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral grant (FJC2021-046608-I), funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities.Peer reviewedJohn Wiley & SonsMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Valdés-Correcher, Elena [0000-0001-6842-1280]Jordano, Pedro [0000-0003-2142-9116]Moreira Tomé, Xoaquín [0000-0003-0166-838X]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/416634https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105016110148reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-141761OB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//FJC2021-046608-Ihttps://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70115Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4166342026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
title Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
spellingShingle Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
Valdés-Correcher, Elena
Pistacia lentiscus
Doñana National Park
Dioecious
insect herbivory
Phenolic compounds
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
title_short Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
title_full Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
title_fullStr Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
title_full_unstemmed Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
title_sort Season over plant sex: drivers of leaf damage and plant defence in a dioecious Mediterranean shrub
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Valdés-Correcher, Elena
Calvo, Gemma
Rigueiro, Cristina
Lago-Núñez, Beatriz
Jordano, Pedro
Moreira Tomé, Xoaquín
author Valdés-Correcher, Elena
author_facet Valdés-Correcher, Elena
Calvo, Gemma
Rigueiro, Cristina
Lago-Núñez, Beatriz
Jordano, Pedro
Moreira Tomé, Xoaquín
author_role author
author2 Calvo, Gemma
Rigueiro, Cristina
Lago-Núñez, Beatriz
Jordano, Pedro
Moreira Tomé, Xoaquín
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Valdés-Correcher, Elena [0000-0001-6842-1280]
Jordano, Pedro [0000-0003-2142-9116]
Moreira Tomé, Xoaquín [0000-0003-0166-838X]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pistacia lentiscus
Doñana National Park
Dioecious
insect herbivory
Phenolic compounds
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
topic Pistacia lentiscus
Doñana National Park
Dioecious
insect herbivory
Phenolic compounds
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
description In dioecious plants, females often prioritize reproduction over growth, potentially investing more in defence, while males grow faster but allocate fewer resources to defence, making them more susceptible to herbivory. Recent studies challenge this view, showing that males may grow more slowly and sometimes invest equally or more in defence. Variability in sex-specific herbivory and defence strategies may stem from seasonal shifts in resource allocation, with females prioritizing growth early in the season and reproduction later. These changes complicate herbivory patterns, necessitating research that considers temporally dynamic factors. This study investigated plant sex influence on herbivory and defence mechanisms in Pistacia lentiscus over the course of a year in Doñana National Park. We assessed insect herbivory and leaf traits linked to herbivore resistance, including phenolic compounds and specific leaf area (SLA), in 100 P. lentiscus plants (53 female, 47 male) at two sites during early and late seasons. Herbivory was higher in males than females and increased late in the season. A significant interaction between plant sex and season revealed that males experienced more herbivory late in the season, while there was no significant difference in the early season. Leaf phenolic concentration and SLA were higher early in the season, but these traits were not influenced by plant sex or the interaction between plant sex and season. Moreover, plant sex and season effects on herbivory remained significant even after controlling for leaf phenolics and SLA as covariates, indicating that these traits do not fully explain the observed differences in herbivory across sexes and seasons. Overall, our findings highlight the complex interplay between seasonality and plant sex in shaping herbivory and defence strategies, emphasizing the need to consider temporal dynamics when studying plant-herbivore interactions in dioecious species.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/416634
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105016110148
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/416634
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105016110148
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-141761OB-I00
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//FJC2021-046608-I
https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70115
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv John Wiley & Sons
publisher.none.fl_str_mv John Wiley & Sons
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
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