Epidemiological and molecular analysis of virulence and antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
Acinetobacter baumannii is a highly versatile nosocomial pathogen that is implicated in several nosocomial infections among critically ill patients and results in high mortality rates. These infections include ventilator associated pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and bur...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2017 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) |
| Repositorio: | Docta Complutense |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/22447 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/22447 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | 579.62(043.2) Veterinary bacteriology Bacteriología veterinaria Microbiología (Veterinaria) 3109.05 Microbiología |
| Sumario: | Acinetobacter baumannii is a highly versatile nosocomial pathogen that is implicated in several nosocomial infections among critically ill patients and results in high mortality rates. These infections include ventilator associated pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and burn wound infections. Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR), and especially Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates are also sharply increasing in frequency, forcing clinicians to revert to the use of colistin. This organism has numerous intrinsic resistance mechanisms, virulence determinants, and an elastic genome that allows it to acquire resistance to almost all antimicrobial agents rather easily. The acquisition of oxacillinases (OXAs) is one of the most common mechanisms of acquiring carbapenem resistance. Moreover, some clinically important International Clones (ICs) with MDR profiles are disseminated all over the world. A. baumannii is known to differentially express virulence determinants and few studies hint at their relationship with antimicrobial resistance. However, this relationship is not extensively investigated. In this Doctoral Thesis, the relationship between clonality, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance is investigated in two sets of clinical isolates obtained from Spain and Lebanon, two countries in which the rate of CRAB isolates is notoriously high. Our aim is providing clinicians and infection control specialists with tools that could be used to assess the infecting strain based on initial clinical data that could improve the chances of successful therapy and limit the spread of MDR and CRAB isolates. Additionally, it is our aim to better understand the interaction between virulence and antibiotic resistance... |
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