General Synthesis Methodology for Acoustic Wave Ladder Filters in the Bandpass Domain

In designing acoustic wave (AW) ladder filters, synthesis methods utilize the lowpass prototype (LP) representation to analyze bandpass responses in the normalized domain. This technique reduces the filter's polynomial order and achieves asymmetric responses by incorporating frequency-invariant...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Cano Carabaca, Santi|||0000-0001-5751-5994, Caballero, Carlos|||0000-0001-9194-9163, Barrera, Omar, Lu, Ruochen|||0000-0003-0025-3924, Verdú, Jordi|||0000-0002-2434-7012, Paco, Pedro de|||0000-0002-7628-7189
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:312091
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/312091
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1109/TMTT.2025.3565809
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Acoustic-wave filters
Bandpass domain
Frequency transformation error
Lowpass prototype (LP)
Narrowband approximation
Reduced Chebyshev (RC)
Wideband filters
Descripción
Sumario:In designing acoustic wave (AW) ladder filters, synthesis methods utilize the lowpass prototype (LP) representation to analyze bandpass responses in the normalized domain. This technique reduces the filter's polynomial order and achieves asymmetric responses by incorporating frequency-invariant reactance (FIR) elements. While this technique is particularly effective for narrowband filter designs, it faces limitations with wideband filters due to errors that arise when transforming extracted LP elements to the bandpass domain. There are different approaches for the exact modeling of AW ladder filters in the real frequency domain. However, current direct bandpass (DB) techniques for AW ladder filters cannot be generalized, as they lack flexibility in characterizing frequency-dependent input and output (I/O) phases and suffer from numerical issues during parameter extraction due to excessively large polynomial coefficients in high-order or narrowband filter designs. This work aims to address both problems: first, to generalize the DB methodology for AW ladder filters by computing the transfer function while considering the asymptotic behavior at both the origin and infinity, as well as controlling the frequency-dependent I/O phases through complex reflection zeros (CRZs). Second, to enhance numerical accuracy during parameter extraction by relying on precise root-finding methods rather than interpolated coefficients. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed DB approach, the synthesized model has been compared with a manufactured LiNbO thin-film AW ladder filter, which features a wide fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 18% and demonstrates excellent agreement between the simulated and measured responses. Finally, an 18th-order AW ladder filter has been synthesized to validate numerical stability even for narrowband filters.