Frequency-Dependent Impedance Matching Synthesis Methodology for Filters or Matching Networks With Equiripple Responses

Current synthesis techniques rely on either the lowpass prototype (LP) or direct bandpass (DB) representations to analyze filtering responses, each offering its own advantages. However, all these synthesis methods are carried out under the assumption that both the source and load terminations are co...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Cano Carabaca, Santi|||0000-0001-5751-5994, Faura Moreno, Mario|||0000-0003-3039-7793, Garcia, Laia|||0009-0009-8286-2336, Parrón Granados, Josep|||0000-0002-1577-6333, Paco, Pedro de|||0000-0002-7628-7189
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Recursos:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:uabarcelona_::772297c35fe210987eba42d4c3469670
Acesso em linha:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/328042
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1109/TMTT.2026.3674572
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Acoustic wave (AW)
ladder filters
Bode-Fano limit
Cascaded filter
Chebyshev polynomials
Equiripple behavior
Frequency-dependent load impedance
Matching network
Descrição
Resumo:Current synthesis techniques rely on either the lowpass prototype (LP) or direct bandpass (DB) representations to analyze filtering responses, each offering its own advantages. However, all these synthesis methods are carried out under the assumption that both the source and load terminations are constant impedances. This assumption is unrealistic for most RF filter designs, as they are often required to be matched to real devices with frequency-dependent impedances [Z(f)]. The problem can be interpreted as the interaction between two networks: S, representing the filter, and S, representing the Z(f). When cascaded, these networks produce an overall response ST. This article presents a direct synthesis approach for designing general Chebyshev filters terminated with a Z(f) at one port. The proposed approach employs a Remez-like algorithm to determine the characteristic polynomials of S such that, when cascaded with S, the overall response S exhibits an in-band quasiequiripple behavior. Moreover, the proposed approach provides flexibility in controlling the return loss level (RL) of S, which is particularly useful for adjusting the out-of-band (OoB) rejection level and accommodating technological constraints in certain RF filters. The proposed method is validated through two examples with different optimality criteria: 1) an all-pole filter matched to an antenna booster, designed to approach the Bode-Fano limit by including the antenna's reflection zero (RZ) within the quasiequiripple response of S, thereby achieving the most optimal solution; and 2) a ladder filter matched to a real switch, designed excluding its RZs from S to obtain a suboptimal solution.