Pigmentation phototype and prostate and breast cancer in a select Spanish population—A Mendelian randomization analysis in the MCC-Spain study
[EN] Breast and prostate cancer (hormone dependent cancers) are leading causes of cancer related deaths in the Western world. Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent type of cancer in women worldwide and a main cause of cancer related deaths in developed countries[1] while prostate cancer (PCa) is t...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2018 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de León |
| Repositorio: | BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/22327 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0201750 https://hdl.handle.net/10612/22327 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Medicina. Salud Phototype |
| Sumario: | [EN] Breast and prostate cancer (hormone dependent cancers) are leading causes of cancer related deaths in the Western world. Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent type of cancer in women worldwide and a main cause of cancer related deaths in developed countries[1] while prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer among men worldwide, following lung cancer. In addition, the incidence of both cancers is growing in both Western [1] and Eastern countries [2] due, on the one hand, to increased exposure to environmental risk factors and the aging of the population and, on the other hand, to the improved diagnostic techniques and generalization of screening. Epidemiological research has led to the identification of several BC risk factors associated with the production of estrogen (age at menarche, parity, age at first full-term pregnancy, age at menopause),[3,4] and a number of risk factors related to lifestyle (tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, being overweight or obesity)[5], although their importance seems to be lower than the estrogen-related factors. Risk factors can only explain 40% of the risk of BC. Compared to other common cancers, the etiology of PCa remains a mystery. Although inflammation, diet, physical inactivity, weight, waist circumference and high body mass index (BMI), play a role as risk factors for PCa[6–12], their link to its etiology remain uncertain and the only well-established risk factors for PCa are family history, ethnicity and age[13–17]. Some genetic variants have also been found to be associated with BC and PCa; for instance, variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are strongly associated with BC[18,19], and some genetic scores have been developed for both types of cancer[20,21]. |
|---|