The genetics of East African populations: a Nilo-Saharan component in the African genetic landscape

East Africa is a strategic region to study human genetic diversity due to the presence of ethnically, linguistically, and geographically diverse populations. Here, we provide new insight into the genetic history of populations living in the Sudanese region of East Africa by analysing nine ethnic gro...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Dobón Berenguer, Begoña, 1987-, Hassan, Hisham Y., Laayouni, Hafid, 1968-, Luisi, Pierre, 1985-, Ricaño Ponce, Isis, Zhernakova, Alexandra, Wijmenga, Cisca, Tahir, Hanan, Comas, David, 1969-, Netea, Mihai G, Bertranpetit, Jaume, 1952-
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/25768
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25768
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep09996
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Genètica de poblacions humanes -- Àfrica del Nord
Descripción
Sumario:East Africa is a strategic region to study human genetic diversity due to the presence of ethnically, linguistically, and geographically diverse populations. Here, we provide new insight into the genetic history of populations living in the Sudanese region of East Africa by analysing nine ethnic groups belonging to three African linguistic families: Niger-Kordofanian, Nilo-Saharan and Afro-Asiatic. A total of 500 individuals were genotyped for 200,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Principal component analysis, clustering analysis using ADMIXTURE, FST statistics, and the three-population test were used to investigate the underlying genetic structure and ancestry of the different ethno-linguistic groups. Our analyses revealed a genetic component for Sudanese Nilo-Saharan speaking groups (Darfurians and part of Nuba populations) related to Nilotes of South Sudan, but not to other Sudanese populations or other sub-Saharan populations. Populations inhabiting the North of the region showed close genetic affinities with North Africa, with a component that could be remnant of North Africans before the migrations of Arabs from Arabia. In addition, we found very low genetic distances between populations in genes important for anti-malarial and anti-bacterial host defence, suggesting similar selective pressures on these genes and stressing the importance of considering functional pathways to understand the evolutionary history of populations.