Unveiling acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapies in colorectal cancer: a long and winding road

Emergence of acquired resistance limits the efficacy of the anti-EGFR therapies cetuximab and panitumumab in metastatic colorectal cancer. In the last decade, preclinical and clinical cohort studies have uncovered genomic alterations that confer a selective advantage to tumor cells under EGFR blocka...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Rios-Hoyo, Alejandro, Monzonis-Hernández, Xavier, Vidal Barrull, Joana, Linares, Jennifer, Montagut Viladot, Clara
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/70532
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70532
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1398419
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:CtDNA
Acquired resistance
Anti-EGFR
Anti-EGFR rechallenge
Clonal dynamics
Colorectal cancer
Liquid biopsy
Tumor heterogeneity
Descripción
Sumario:Emergence of acquired resistance limits the efficacy of the anti-EGFR therapies cetuximab and panitumumab in metastatic colorectal cancer. In the last decade, preclinical and clinical cohort studies have uncovered genomic alterations that confer a selective advantage to tumor cells under EGFR blockade, mainly downstream re-activation of RAS-MEK signaling and mutations in the extracellular domain of EGFR (EGFR-ECD). Liquid biopsies (genotyping of ctDNA) have been established as an excellent tool to easily monitor the dynamics of genomic alterations resistance in the blood of patients and to select patients for rechallenge with anti-EGFR therapies. Accordingly, several clinical trials have shown clinical benefit of rechallenge with anti-EGFR therapy in genomically-selected patients using ctDNA. However, alternative mechanisms underpinning resistance beyond genomics -mainly related to the tumor microenvironment-have been unveiled, specifically relevant in patients receiving chemotherapy-based multi-drug treatment in first line. This review explores the complexity of the multifaceted mechanisms that mediate secondary resistance to anti-EGFR therapies and potential therapeutic strategies to circumvent acquired resistance.