The role of education in executive functions, behavioral problems and functional performance in people with schizophrenia

Objective: this cross-sectional study examined the influence of education on executive functions, behavioral problems and functional performance in people with chronic schizophrenia. Method: our sample was composed of 116 subjects with a schizophrenia diagnosis (evolution time = 17.5 ± 9.5 years) fr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Cámara, Silvia, Contador Castillo, Israel, Herrero, Paula, Ruisoto Palomera, Pablo, Sánchez, Abraham, Cuellar, Luis, López, Rebeca, Fournier, María Concepción, Ramos, Francisco
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad Pública de Navarra
Repositorio:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
OAI Identifier:oai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/42111
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2454/42111
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Cognitive reserve
Education
Executive functions
Psychological and behavioral symptoms
Schizophrenia
Descripción
Sumario:Objective: this cross-sectional study examined the influence of education on executive functions, behavioral problems and functional performance in people with chronic schizophrenia. Method: our sample was composed of 116 subjects with a schizophrenia diagnosis (evolution time = 17.5 ± 9.5 years) from consecutive referrals to the Rehabilitation Unit of Benito Menni Hospital (Valladolid, Spain). All participants completed an extensive standardized protocol including a neuropsychological testing of executive functions (processing speed, working memory, inhibition, interference control, mental flexibility), the assessment of behavioral symptoms, and functional performance. Hierarchical regression models (HRMs) were carried out to determine whether education (in years) relates to executive functions after controlling for the effect of demographics, IQ, and clinical factors. Results: both IQ and years of education were associated with a later onset of the illness. Specifically, high education (in years) significantly correlated with fewer behavioral problems and better functional performance in daily life. Further, HRMs showed that education was associated with digit span and sematic verbal fluency tasks after controlling for the effect of age, sex, and IQ as covariates. Conclusions: higher education may ameliorate executive deficits in patients with chronic schizophrenia and, in turn, diminish the behavioral and functional problems of the illness.