Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)

The Necropolis of Carmona, which has more than 600 tombs carved in calcarenites, is among the most important Roman burial sites preserved in southern Spain. The tombs in the Necropolis show severe alteration and multiple weathering processes after being excavated at the end of the nineteenth century...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Elez, Javier, Cañaveras, Juan Carlos, Benavente, David, Fernández-Cortés, Ángel, Cuezva, Soledad, Sánchez-Moral, Sergio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/237928
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/237928
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Deterioration process
Environmental monitoring
GIS modelling
Preventive conservation
Roman Necropolis of Carmona
South Spain
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spelling Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)Elez, JavierCañaveras, Juan CarlosBenavente, DavidFernández-Cortés, ÁngelCuezva, SoledadSánchez-Moral, SergioDeterioration processEnvironmental monitoringGIS modellingPreventive conservationRoman Necropolis of CarmonaSouth SpainThe Necropolis of Carmona, which has more than 600 tombs carved in calcarenites, is among the most important Roman burial sites preserved in southern Spain. The tombs in the Necropolis show severe alteration and multiple weathering processes after being excavated at the end of the nineteenth century without a preventive conservation plan. The archaeological site shows strong anthropic modifications related to different excavation stages and in relation to the construction of facilities for the visiting public. In particular, the exposure of the buried tombs to meteoric conditions and anthropic modification of natural drainage have led to an important acceleration of the deterioration of the tombs. The conservation status of the Necropolis was defined through a comprehensive geo-environmental study that combined field observations and laboratory data, modelling and digital mapping and environmental monitoring. Results allow a methodology to be developed providing guidelines to minimize potential risks when excavating new tombs (now buried) in the future. Moreover, the most suitable prospective areas can be defined inside the Necropolis in terms of the environmental, geological and geomorphological conditions which will enhance the preservation of newly exhumed tombs. Geo-environmental preventive conservation methods that we propose can be entirely applied to other large archaeological sites completely exposed to open-air atmospheric conditions.This research was funded by the Consejería de Cultura, Junta de Andalucía (project CSIC-2007X0859).John Wiley & SonsJunta de AndalucíaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2021202120202021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/237928reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.1753Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2379282026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
title Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
spellingShingle Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
Elez, Javier
Deterioration process
Environmental monitoring
GIS modelling
Preventive conservation
Roman Necropolis of Carmona
South Spain
title_short Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
title_full Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
title_fullStr Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
title_full_unstemmed Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
title_sort Geo-environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open-air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Elez, Javier
Cañaveras, Juan Carlos
Benavente, David
Fernández-Cortés, Ángel
Cuezva, Soledad
Sánchez-Moral, Sergio
author Elez, Javier
author_facet Elez, Javier
Cañaveras, Juan Carlos
Benavente, David
Fernández-Cortés, Ángel
Cuezva, Soledad
Sánchez-Moral, Sergio
author_role author
author2 Cañaveras, Juan Carlos
Benavente, David
Fernández-Cortés, Ángel
Cuezva, Soledad
Sánchez-Moral, Sergio
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Junta de Andalucía
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Deterioration process
Environmental monitoring
GIS modelling
Preventive conservation
Roman Necropolis of Carmona
South Spain
topic Deterioration process
Environmental monitoring
GIS modelling
Preventive conservation
Roman Necropolis of Carmona
South Spain
description The Necropolis of Carmona, which has more than 600 tombs carved in calcarenites, is among the most important Roman burial sites preserved in southern Spain. The tombs in the Necropolis show severe alteration and multiple weathering processes after being excavated at the end of the nineteenth century without a preventive conservation plan. The archaeological site shows strong anthropic modifications related to different excavation stages and in relation to the construction of facilities for the visiting public. In particular, the exposure of the buried tombs to meteoric conditions and anthropic modification of natural drainage have led to an important acceleration of the deterioration of the tombs. The conservation status of the Necropolis was defined through a comprehensive geo-environmental study that combined field observations and laboratory data, modelling and digital mapping and environmental monitoring. Results allow a methodology to be developed providing guidelines to minimize potential risks when excavating new tombs (now buried) in the future. Moreover, the most suitable prospective areas can be defined inside the Necropolis in terms of the environmental, geological and geomorphological conditions which will enhance the preservation of newly exhumed tombs. Geo-environmental preventive conservation methods that we propose can be entirely applied to other large archaeological sites completely exposed to open-air atmospheric conditions.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/237928
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/237928
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.1753
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv John Wiley & Sons
publisher.none.fl_str_mv John Wiley & Sons
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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