Paleoneurology of Two New Neandertal Occipitals from El Sidrón (Asturias, Spain) in the Context of Homo Endocranial Evolution

[EN] The endocranial surface description and comparative analyses of two new neandertal occipital fragments (labelled SD-1149 and SD-370a) from the El Sidrón site (Asturias, Spain) reveal new aspects of neandertal brain morphological asymmetries. The dural sinus drainage pattern, as observed on the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Peña Melián, Ángel, Rosas González, Antonio 1960-, García Tabernero, Antonio, Bastir, Markus, Rasilla Vives, Marco de la
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2011
País:España
Institución:Universidad de León
Repositorio:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
OAI Identifier:oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/26126
Acceso en línea:https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.21427
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/26126
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Antropología
Antropología física
Paleontología
Paleoneurology
Neandertal
Brain evolution
Dural venous sinuses
Occipito-petalias
Brain asymmetry
2402 Antropología (Física)
2402.99 Otras
2416 Paleontología
2416.99 Otras
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] The endocranial surface description and comparative analyses of two new neandertal occipital fragments (labelled SD-1149 and SD-370a) from the El Sidrón site (Asturias, Spain) reveal new aspects of neandertal brain morphological asymmetries. The dural sinus drainage pattern, as observed on the sagittal-transverse system, as well as the cerebral occipito-petalias, point out a slightly differential configuration of the neandertal brain when compared to other Homo species, especially H. sapiens. The neandertal dural sinus drainage pattern is organized in a more asymmetric mode, in such a way that the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) drains either to the right or to the left transverse sinuses, but in no case in a confluent mode (i.e. simultaneous continuation of SSS with both right (RTS) and left (LTS) transverse sinuses). Besides, the superior sagittal sinus shows an accentuated deviation from of the mid-sagittal plane in its way to the RTS in 35% of neandertals. This condition, which increases the asymmetry of the system, is almost nonexistent neither in the analyzed Homo fossil species sample nor in that of anatomically modern humans. Regarding the cerebral occipito-petalias, neandertals manifest one of the lowest percentages of left petalia of the Homo sample (including modern H. sapiens). As left occipito-petalia is the predominant pattern in hominins, it seems as if neandertals would have developed a different pattern of brain hemispheres asymmetry. Finally, the relief and position of the the cerebral sulci and gyri impressions observed in the El Sidrón occipital specimens look similar to those observed in modern H. sapiens