Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]

Dung beetles play a crucial role in rangeland sustainability by facilitating dung removal, nutrient recycling, soil bioturbation, parasite suppression, and greenhouse gas mitigation. However, the widespread prophylactic use of synthetic anthelmintics, particularly macrocyclic lactones such as iverme...

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Autores: Cortez, Vieyle, Verdú, José R., González-Rodríguez, Estela, Ortiz, Antonio J., Rosa-García, Rocío, Cortez, Vieyle|||/items/b706ed6b-3ac0-4743-8fcf-380a0da522b6, Verdú, José R.|||/items/aec43e86-8ee7-42d2-825d-88e30c9e56c5
Tipo de recurso: conjunto de datos
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Alicante (UA)
Repositorio:RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:ruarepositor::00e2b286f1f2915998a8f718724e0a2c
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10045/161910
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Dung beetles
Thymol
Ecotoxicity
Electroantennography
Phenoloxidase
Macrocyclic lactones
Sustainable livestock management
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spelling Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]Cortez, VieyleVerdú, José R.González-Rodríguez, EstelaOrtiz, Antonio J.Rosa-García, RocíoCortez, Vieyle|||/items/b706ed6b-3ac0-4743-8fcf-380a0da522b6Verdú, José R.|||/items/aec43e86-8ee7-42d2-825d-88e30c9e56c5Dung beetlesThymolEcotoxicityElectroantennographyPhenoloxidaseMacrocyclic lactonesSustainable livestock managementDung beetles play a crucial role in rangeland sustainability by facilitating dung removal, nutrient recycling, soil bioturbation, parasite suppression, and greenhouse gas mitigation. However, the widespread prophylactic use of synthetic anthelmintics, particularly macrocyclic lactones such as ivermectin, results in the excretion of biologically active residues in faeces that cause lethal and sublethal effects on non-target coprophagous insects. These ecotoxicological impacts threaten dung beetle diversity and compromise ecosystem functioning in pastoral landscapes. In contrast, plant-derived anthelmintics such as thymol (THY) are emerging as more environmentally compatible alternatives. In this study, we evaluated the sublethal ecotoxicity of dietary THY exposure in the dung beetle Thorectes lusitanicus Jeckel, 1866 (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae), a flightless telephagic tunneller native to Iberian Mediterranean ecosystems. Antennal sensory performance was quantified using electroantennography (EAG), while immunocompetence was assessed through haemolymph total protein content, phenoloxidase (PO) activity and prophenoloxidase (proPO) levels. Ivermectin was included as a reference treatment due to its known disruptive effects on insect olfactory and immune systems. THY ingestion did not impair antennal responsiveness or modify immune parameters relative to controls, even at the highest exposure concentrations tested. In contrast, ivermectin significantly reduced olfactory sensitivity and induced measurable immune alterations. Collectively, these findings support THY as a promising phytochemical anthelmintic with minimal ecotoxic risk to dung beetles. Its incorporation into livestock parasite-control strategies may reduce the environmental footprint of veterinary pharmaceuticals and help maintain the essential ecosystem services provided by dung-associated fauna.Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos NaturalesUniversidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la BiodiversidadRepositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante20262026-01-1320262026-01-1320262026-01-13datasethttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_ddb1info:eu-repo/semantics/datasetapplication/octet-streamtext/plaintext/plaintext/plaintext/plaintext/plaintext/plaintext/plaintext/plainhttps://hdl.handle.net/10045/161910reponame:RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicanteinstname:Universidad de Alicante (UA)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:ruarepositor::00e2b286f1f2915998a8f718724e0a2c2026-06-23T20:12:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
title Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
spellingShingle Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
Cortez, Vieyle
Dung beetles
Thymol
Ecotoxicity
Electroantennography
Phenoloxidase
Macrocyclic lactones
Sustainable livestock management
title_short Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
title_full Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
title_fullStr Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
title_full_unstemmed Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
title_sort Ecotoxicity of Thymol in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) and Its Potential as a Safer Anthelmintic Alternative [Dataset]
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cortez, Vieyle
Verdú, José R.
González-Rodríguez, Estela
Ortiz, Antonio J.
Rosa-García, Rocío
Cortez, Vieyle|||/items/b706ed6b-3ac0-4743-8fcf-380a0da522b6
Verdú, José R.|||/items/aec43e86-8ee7-42d2-825d-88e30c9e56c5
author Cortez, Vieyle
author_facet Cortez, Vieyle
Verdú, José R.
González-Rodríguez, Estela
Ortiz, Antonio J.
Rosa-García, Rocío
Cortez, Vieyle|||/items/b706ed6b-3ac0-4743-8fcf-380a0da522b6
Verdú, José R.|||/items/aec43e86-8ee7-42d2-825d-88e30c9e56c5
author_role author
author2 Verdú, José R.
González-Rodríguez, Estela
Ortiz, Antonio J.
Rosa-García, Rocío
Cortez, Vieyle|||/items/b706ed6b-3ac0-4743-8fcf-380a0da522b6
Verdú, José R.|||/items/aec43e86-8ee7-42d2-825d-88e30c9e56c5
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales
Universidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad
Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Dung beetles
Thymol
Ecotoxicity
Electroantennography
Phenoloxidase
Macrocyclic lactones
Sustainable livestock management
topic Dung beetles
Thymol
Ecotoxicity
Electroantennography
Phenoloxidase
Macrocyclic lactones
Sustainable livestock management
description Dung beetles play a crucial role in rangeland sustainability by facilitating dung removal, nutrient recycling, soil bioturbation, parasite suppression, and greenhouse gas mitigation. However, the widespread prophylactic use of synthetic anthelmintics, particularly macrocyclic lactones such as ivermectin, results in the excretion of biologically active residues in faeces that cause lethal and sublethal effects on non-target coprophagous insects. These ecotoxicological impacts threaten dung beetle diversity and compromise ecosystem functioning in pastoral landscapes. In contrast, plant-derived anthelmintics such as thymol (THY) are emerging as more environmentally compatible alternatives. In this study, we evaluated the sublethal ecotoxicity of dietary THY exposure in the dung beetle Thorectes lusitanicus Jeckel, 1866 (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae), a flightless telephagic tunneller native to Iberian Mediterranean ecosystems. Antennal sensory performance was quantified using electroantennography (EAG), while immunocompetence was assessed through haemolymph total protein content, phenoloxidase (PO) activity and prophenoloxidase (proPO) levels. Ivermectin was included as a reference treatment due to its known disruptive effects on insect olfactory and immune systems. THY ingestion did not impair antennal responsiveness or modify immune parameters relative to controls, even at the highest exposure concentrations tested. In contrast, ivermectin significantly reduced olfactory sensitivity and induced measurable immune alterations. Collectively, these findings support THY as a promising phytochemical anthelmintic with minimal ecotoxic risk to dung beetles. Its incorporation into livestock parasite-control strategies may reduce the environmental footprint of veterinary pharmaceuticals and help maintain the essential ecosystem services provided by dung-associated fauna.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-01-13
2026
2026-01-13
2026
2026-01-13
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv dataset
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_ddb1
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/dataset
format dataset
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10045/161910
url https://hdl.handle.net/10045/161910
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
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dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
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eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante
instname:Universidad de Alicante (UA)
instname_str Universidad de Alicante (UA)
reponame_str RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante
collection RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante
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