Review on power routing techniques and converter losses model for VSC-based power router

In this work, a comprehensive literature review on power-routing devices is presented, outlining their current design principles and potential uses. Additionally, a comprehensive loss model for Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) in the context of power routers (PRs), a promising technology for enh...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Gadelha Teixeira Filho, Vinicius, Soares Vila Luz, João, Saldaña González, Antonio Emmanuel|||0000-0002-5708-2049, Sumper, Andreas|||0000-0002-5628-1660
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:upcommonspor::80a0e32748fc40d497992e76ad47640c
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/462427
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electricity7010005
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Power router
Energy router
Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)
Converter losses
Power electronics
Smart grid
Efficiency analysis
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria electrònica::Electrònica de potència
Descripción
Sumario:In this work, a comprehensive literature review on power-routing devices is presented, outlining their current design principles and potential uses. Additionally, a comprehensive loss model for Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) in the context of power routers (PRs), a promising technology for enhancing flexibility and efficiency in future smart and hybrid AC–DC grids. Despite their potential, large-scale PR deployment is still limited by the lack of accurate and validated loss models. To address this gap, a detailed analytical model based on the Marquardt approach is proposed, capturing both conduction and switching losses in converter-based PRs. The model is validated through analytical comparison and PLECS simulations, showing strong agreement with theoretical and experimental data. Four case studies are presented to assess the effect of parameters such as power factor, active and reactive power, and the number of submodules on the overall converter losses. The results demonstrate that PR efficiency improves with optimized converter design and proper parameter selection.